Gross profit for the first quarter 2009 was $5.1 million, with a gross margin of 78%, compared to $7.8 million and a gross margin of 88%, for the same period of 2008. The gross margin was adversely impacted by the decreasing percentage of Healive sales in total sales revenue, as Healive has the highest gross margin among the three products. The gross margin for the first quarter was relatively flat with the fourth quarter gross margin of 79%.
Total operating expenses for first quarter of 2009 were $4.5 million, compared to $4.7 million in the comparative period in 2008. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the first quarter of 2009 were $3.5 million, compared to $3.6 million in the same period of 2008. The SG&A reflects investments in sales and marketing, consulting, travel and other expenses to execute the Company's growth strategy for 2009 and beyond. SG&A expenses, as a percentage of first quarter 2009 sales, increased to 54%, compared to 40% during the prior year. Selling expense decreased in tandem with the lower sales revenue, but G&A increased primarily due to higher bad debt expense. In addition, in January 2009, Sinovac granted about 1.7 million options to its employees, which incurred stock based compensation in the quarter. .
Net research and development expenses for the first quarter 2009 were $759,000, compared to $929,000 in the same period of 2008. R&D expenses in the first quarter of 2009 mainly related to the advancement of pre-clinical stage vaccine candidates against enterovirus 71, human rabies, Japanese encephalitis animal rabies and split pandemic influenza vaccines
First quarter 2009 operating income was $646,000, compared to an operating
income of $3.1 million in the prior year. Net income for the first quarter of
2009 included $482,000 in income tax expenses, $126,200 in net interest and
financing expenses and $107,000 of mino
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