"More surprising is this impairment in [mental] function persisted for six months to a year after surgery," Saczynski said. "In comparison, patients who did not develop delirium had recovered their pre-surgical level of function by about one month after surgery."
At six months, for example, more than three-quarters of those who had not developed delirium had returned to pre-operative levels of mental functioning, compared to about 60 percent of those who had developed delirium.
At the one-year mark, the difference in the likelihood of returning to pre-surgical mental functioning among patients who had developed delirium compared to those who hadn't was not statistically significant, Saczynski said.
"But it's a very clear trend that there is a higher proportion of patients in the delirium group that are failing to reach their preoperative level of cognition," she said.
Knowing ahead of time that full recovery may take months longer than expected may help heart patients better prepare for it, said Christopher Grote, a neuropsychiatrist at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago. They may need to take more time off from work than their physical condition suggests, or exercise caution in making major financial or personal decisions until they're sure they are thinking as clearly as they used to.
"This kind of research helps to highlight the importance of identifying patients who need to be counseled, and might alert family, friends and co-workers the person might need time to be fully recovered," Grote said.
Still, according to the study, which is published in the July 5 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine, it seems that even those patients who developed delirium eventually got better, Grote said.
"The major take-home [message] is that the patients who did get delirious got better -- but it took a pretty long time," he said.
Patients should also have their mental functioning tested before t
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