Patients who were female, black, between ages 18 and 56 or who live in ZIP codes with low proportions of high school graduates or with low median household incomes were more likely to be diagnosed with an advanced stage of the disease and/or larger tumors. Those treated at teaching/research facilities were also more likely to have advanced disease.
In conclusion, our analyses provide the first assessment, to our knowledge, of the strong association between medical insurance and stage of laryngeal cancer at diagnosis among a large, generalizable cohort. Insurance coverage is a highly modifiable factor that affects not only tumor associated morbidity and mortality but also quality of life and economic costs, the authors conclude.
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