Novel MRI Technique Shows Secondhand Smoke Dam...( CHICAGO Nov. 26 /- For the first ...),Health

CHICAGO, Nov. 26 /PRNewswire/ -- For the first time, researchers have identified structural damage to the lungs caused by secondhand cigarette smoke.

The results of the study, conducted by researchers at the University of Virginia School of Medicine in Charlottesville and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, were presented today at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA).

"It's long been hypothesized that prolonged exposure to secondhand smoke may cause physical damage to the lungs, but previous methods of analyzing lung changes were not sensitive enough to detect it," said Chengbo Wang, Ph.D., magnetic resonance physicist in the Department of Radiology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

In recent years, secondhand smoke has emerged as a public health threat. It has been classified as a carcinogen by the Environmental Protection Agency and has been linked to heart disease, lung cancer and a number of respiratory ailments, including asthma and chronic bronchitis. Children are particularly susceptible to the harmful effects of secondhand smoke. According to the American Lung Association, 35 percent of American children live in homes where regular smoking occurs.

Dr. Wang and colleagues used long-time-scale, global helium-3 diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the lungs of 43 volunteers, including seven current and former smokers and 36 people who had never smoked, 18 of whom had a high level of exposure to secondhand smoke.

Helium-3 diffusion MRI differs from conventional MRI in that the patient inhales a specially prepared helium gas prior to imaging, and the scanner is adjusted to collect images showing this helium gas in tissue. MR measures how far the helium atoms move, or diffuse, inside the lungs during a specific time period -- 1.5 seconds in this study. Using this method, radiologists and physicists can detect changes deep in the small airways a
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