Majority of 2.4 Million U.S. Children With ADHD Not Diagnosed or Consistently Treated, According to New 'Gold Standard' Study by Cincinnati Children's R... (sociation. DSM-IV criteria are considere...)

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Majority of 2.4 Million U.S. Children With ADHD Not Diagnosed or Consistently Treated, According to New 'Gold Standard' Study by Cincinnati Children's Researchers

Date:9/3/2007

sociation. DSM-IV criteria are considered to be the most accepted way of defining specific mental health conditions.

While previous studies have found no disparities by income, the Cincinnati Children's investigators did, noting that the poorest children, compared to the wealthiest, were twice as likely to meet ADHD criteria and three to five times less likely to receive consistent medication treatment. Notably, receipt of health insurance was significantly associated with prior ADHD diagnosis (p<0.05).

"Our finding of a lower likelihood of consistent ADHD medication use in the poorest children warrants further investigation and possible intervention to ensure that all children with ADHD have equitable access to treatment when appropriate," says Dr. Froehlich. "Reasons for the increased likelihood of ADHD in poorer children may include the higher prevalence of ADHD risk factors in this group, including premature birth and exposure to environmental toxicants in childhood, such as lead and prenatal tobacco smoke."

Drs. Froehlich and Kahn's co-investigators include Bruce P. Lanphear, M.D., M.P.H., and Jeffery N. Epstein, Ph.D., both at Cincinnati Children's and William J. Barbaresi, M.D., and Slavica K. Katusic, M.D., both of the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, one of the leading pediatric research institutions in the nation, is dedicated to changing the outcome for children throughout the world. Cincinnati Children's ranks second among all pediatric institutions in the United States in grants from the National Institutes of Health. It has an established tradition of research excellence, with discoveries including the Sabin oral polio vaccine, the surfactant preparation that saves the lives of thousands of premature infants each year, and a rotavirus vaccine that saves the lives of hundreds of thousands of infants around the world each year. Current strategic directions include the translation of basic
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