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Liver cancer marker could yield blood test for early detection
Date:9/18/2007

bles researchers to simultaneously detect and amplify a given gene, with an enzyme that breaks unmethylated DNA apart. With this new technique, Chans team was able to separate out the altered methylated DNA, thus developing a more sensitive technique for detecting and quantifying hypermethylated RASSF1A derived from cancer cells in blood.

To test the relationship between altered RASSF1A and HCC as well as test the new detection technique -- Chan and his colleagues conducted two studies involving HCC patients. In the first, they matched 63 pairs of patients, one with HCC and the other a chronic HBV carrier by age and sex, along with 30 healthy volunteers. They detected hypermethylated RASSF1A in 93 percent of the HCC patients, 58 percent of the HBV carriers and none of the healthy patients. The median RASSF1A levels for the HCC patients were 770 copies per milliliter and 118 copies per milliliter for HBV carriers.

The respective levels of the gene for HCC patients and HBV carriers, is consistent with what we already know about the progression of the disease, Chan said. The gene is altered very early in the procession of malignant transformation, and so we can see that the levels of the altered gene increase as the cancer process progresses.

In the second study, the researchers looked at 22 pairs of sex- and age-matched patients who had been enrolled in a HCC surveillance program involving 1018 HBV carriers. For the 22 HBV carriers who subsequently developed HCC, there was a significant increase in circulating RASSF1A levels from the time of enrollment to the time of cancer diagnosis. On the contrary, there was no significant change in RASSF1A levels over the same period for the 22 matched subjects enrolled in the same program who didnt develop HCC.

As we refine the process of detecting hypermethylated RASSF1A, we hope to have a functioning test for hepatocellular carcinoma, Chan said. A significant number of people will develo
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Contact: Greg Lester
lester@aacr.org
267-646-0554
American Association for Cancer Research
Source:Eurekalert

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