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First-born babies' higher asthma and allergy rates due to pregnancy conditions
Date:5/20/2008

ATS 2008, TORONTOFirst-born children are at higher risk of developing asthma and allergy because of different conditions they experience in the uterus, according to new research from the Isle of Wight in the United Kingdom, which will be presented at the American Thoracic Societys 2008 International Conference in Toronto on Wednesday, May 21.

In order to determine whether the higher risk of asthma and allergy in first-born children is the result of a prenatal process of post-natal factors, researchers investigated whether birth order affected several immune markers that are set at birth, including a variation in the DNA of the IL-13 gene, which is linked to allergic development.

They recruited more than 1,200 newborns form the Isle of Wight and ascertained their birth order, then sampled their cord blood IgE, an indicator of allergic development, and conducted skin prick tests at ages four and 10. This is the first study to test whether the effect of genes involved in the development of asthma and allergy differs between first- and later-born children, said Wilfried Karmaus, M.D., M.P.H., of the University of South Carolina.

They found that among first-borns, the IL-13 gene variant was associated with a statistically significant higher relative risk of having increased cord-blood IgE, an indication of increased allergic response. This higher risk seemed to persist in older children; at four and ten the children with increased cord blood IgE were also more likely to have a positive skin prick test. Such associations were not found in children who were not first-born.

We were not surprised that birth order had an effect on the development of the immune system, but were surprised that this interaction persisted at least through age ten, said Dr. Karmaus.

This gene-birth order effect is indicative that genes act differently in first-born children. Our findings add to the evidence that allergic reactions are programmed during pregnancy and
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Contact: Keely Savioe
ksavoie@thoracic.org
212-315-8620
American Thoracic Society
Source:Eurekalert

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