Benign or cancerous?( Research into a cancer that is on th...),Health

Research into a cancer that is on the rise in the UK is to be presented at the University of Leicester.

It will discuss new studies at Leicester into the differences between benign and cancerous moles.

Postgraduate researcher Dr Philip Da Forno of the Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Studies will describe new advances in the fight against malignant melanoma at a Doctoral Inaugural Lecture to be given on 12 November.

Dr Da Forno has investigated the expression of a particular protein in the progress of the disease and the molecular differences between types of 'Spitzoid' melanocytic tumours and malignant melanoma

He said: "Malignant melanoma is a common cancer of the skin that is increasing in incidence in the United Kingdom. Early cancers are easily cured but once the disease has spread to other sites in the body, there is no effective treatment and the outcome is often fatal.

"I will discuss our current understanding of how melanocytic lesions progress from benign tumours or small, easily curable cancers, to advanced, frequently fatal cancers. This will include a description of my investigation into expression of the protein Wnt5a during tumour progression and its effect on patient survival."

The diagnosis of melanoma is achieved via microscopic examination of lesional tissue. In the majority of cases this is straightforward and, having made the diagnosis of malignancy, the histopathologist applies a number of criteria to determine which tumours are likely to have been cured by excision and which are at risk of spreading elsewhere and killing the patient. Unfortunately, the behaviour of the tumour cannot always be predicted with accuracy and some patients with seemingly indolent tumours have rapidly progressive disease.

In some instances histological assessment is complicated further by a difficulty in determining whether the tumour is a benign 'mole' or a malignant melanoma. Nowhere i
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