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$5.5 million from Gates Foundation funds major study of childhood malnutrition
Date:3/31/2009

ommon for a family with multiple children to have only one child who is malnourished, even though the children eat a similar diet and live in the same household. This has led scientists to suspect that other factors may be involved. Gordon and his group theorize that an imbalance of certain types of gut microbes conspires with other factors, such as a poor diet and infection with bugs that cause diarrhea, to trigger malnutrition.

The human body contains ten times as many microbial cells as human ones, with large numbers residing in the intestines. While some microbes cause illness, most perform vital tasks to ensure the body functions optimally, such as digesting complex carbohydrates found in grains, fruits and vegetables, which the body can't break down on its own. The nutrients and calories extracted by the microbes are used either as energy or stored as fat.

In earlier work, Gordon and his colleagues have studied the gut microbial communities and their genomes (collectively known as the gut 'microbiome') in lean and obese mice, and lean and obese adult identical and fraternal human twins. These studies support the notion that differences in gut microbiomes contribute to the risk of obesity.

Gordon is teaming with Washington University pediatrician Mark Manary, M.D., the Helene B. Roberson Professor of Pediatrics, who has spent more than two decades in Malawi treating malnourished children. Manary also helped develop a calorie-dense, enriched peanut-butter mixture that can be fed to malnourished children and has helped many of them recover. Gordon and members of his group are also working with members of the world-renowned International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research located in the city of Dhaka in Bangladesh.

As part of the project, malnourished infants will be given a nutritionally enriched food supplement. "We will monitor the collection of microbial species and genes in the gut before, during and after treatment with
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Contact: Caroline Arbanas
arbanasc@wustl.edu
314-286-0109
Washington University School of Medicine
Source:Eurekalert

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