Navigation Links
Central tolerance


Central tolerance is the mechanism by which newly developing T cells and B cells are rendered non-reactive to self.[1] The process is required due to the random generation of receptor specificities that occurs during T cell and B cell differentiation, whereby a proportion of the cells generated are self-reactive (recognise the component self antigens of the host).

In mammals the process occurs in the thymus (T cells)[2][3] and bone marrow (B cells), when maturing lymphocytes are exposed to self antigens. Self antigens are present in both organs due to endogenous expression within the organ and importation of antigen due to circulation from peripheral sites. In the case of T cell central tolerance, additional sources of antigen are made available in the thymus by the action of the transcription factor AIRE.

After exposure to self antigens, T cells and B cells become immunologically tolerant (non-reactive) in a number of ways :

Genetic defects in these processes lead to autoimmunity, such as in the human syndromes APS-1 and IPEX.

References

  1. ^ http://www-immuno.path.cam.ac.uk/~immuno/part1/lec11/lec11_97.html
  2. ^ Sprent J, Kishimoto H (2001). "The thymus and central tolerance". Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 356 (1409): 609-16. PMID 11375064.
  3. ^ Hogquist K, Baldwin T, Jameson S (2005). "Central tolerance: learning self-control in the thymus". Nat Rev Immunol 5 (10): 772-82. PMID 16200080.
  4. ^ Halverson R, Torres R, Pelanda R (2004). "Receptor editing is the main mechanism of B cell tolerance toward membrane antigens". Nat Immunol 5 (6): 645-50. PMID 15156139.
v • d • e
Immune system / Immunology
Adaptive immune system • Innate immune system • Humoral immune system • Cellular immune system
Lymphatic system • Inflammation • Complement system (Classical, Alternative, Lectin, Anaphylatoxins) • Cytokines • White blood cells • Antibody (Monoclonal antibodies, Autoantibody) • Antigen • APC • MHC
Immunity • Autoimmunity • Tolerance (Central) • Immunodeficiency
Phagocyte • Opsonin • Reticuloendothelial system
Allotype • Isotype • Idiotype

'"/>


See more about: Central tolerance

TAG: Central tolerance
(Date:11/20/2009)... , , PRINCETON, NJ, Nov. 20 /PRNewswire-F...d today that a Special Meeting of Shareholders wil...e of the Meeting is to consider approval of two sp... to approve and authorize the sale of all or subst...ly on the terms provided for in the asset purchase...
(Date:11/20/2009)... , , MADISON, N.J., Nov. 20 /PRNewswire... influenza virus may have peaked in late October, ...tial source of illness in all age groups, includin...Diagnostics Incorporated (NYSE: DGX ), the world...tion and services. ,, In its most recent Quest...
(Date:11/20/2009)... , , LAS VEGAS, Nov. 20 /PRNewswire-USNewsw...rry, Executive Director of the Nevada Health Care ...tion (NHCA) commends and thanks Senate Majority Le...ation a step closer toward our goal of protecting ...rsing home care, and preserving the strength and v...
(Date:11/20/2009)... , (Seattle, Washington) November 20, 2009Emergen...tates assess an estimated 350,000 cardiac arrests ...e sudden cardiac arrest survive. Better quality c...hospital EMS providers may be associated with bett...nsortium (ROC) is the largest clinical research ne...
(Date:11/20/2009)... But, flu activity remains high and is expected t...20 (HealthDay News) -- Some areas of the United St...y, a federal health official said Friday, and whil...t,s down from the 46 states reported last week. ,...enza activity around the country, but there is sti...
Breaking Medicine News(10 mins):Health News:NUCRYST Announces Special Meeting of Shareholders 2Health News:NUCRYST Announces Special Meeting of Shareholders 3Health News:H1N1 Pandemic May Have Peaked in October in U.S., According to Quest Diagnostics 2Health News:H1N1 Pandemic May Have Peaked in October in U.S., According to Quest Diagnostics 3Health News:Effect of real-time CPR feedback reported at resuscitation science symposium 2Health News:Effect of real-time CPR feedback reported at resuscitation science symposium 3Health News:Swine Flu Declining in Some Parts of U.S. 2Health News:Swine Flu Declining in Some Parts of U.S. 3
...macular degeneration and humans// could help treat... www.eurekalerts.org. Age-related macular deg...er adults, yet researchers are still in the dark a...nd other researchers, studied seven genetic sites ...
...part of the body, it is possible to use// the new ...rchers for the study, who will publish their repor...nal Academy of Sciences, had made a departure from... repair serious bone breaks is to remove small pie...
...at can block the degenerative process of the brain...r similar diseases. The study, published in t...esearch, shows how a protein called KDI tri-peptid...sing permanent cell death and preventing the repai...
...ind the image of a medication. Rather it is the “k... as a respite in the sweltering heat and charms on...as been found to fight tumours and make cancer fre...C), Lucknow based on experiments conducted in the ...
... of India is collaborating// with Clinical and bas...ing Countries (IFU) of Germany for Osteoporosis re...on euro. Avesthagen said “"The alliance will cover... development of new drugs for treatment of Osteopo...
...Singh today said that government// policy was agai...d coercion of any control to achieve it would not ...the reconstituted National Commission on Populatio...balancing regional development to stabilise popula...
Other Medicine News:Health News:Monkeys offer genetic clues to adult blindness 2Health News:Its Possible To Grow Bone To Replace The Damaged Bone 2Health News:Prime Minister Manmohan Against Incentive-Based Population Control 2Health News:Prime Minister Manmohan Against Incentive-Based Population Control 3
Other medicine definitionOther TagsBoosterUnitedUnsafeDigestiveDigestive