( ...)The Flexible matriXarray Chip System: A New Perspective,,,for Probe Optimization in Gene-Expression Profiling

In general, oligonucleotide microarrays are composed of a two- or three-dimensional solid surface where DNA, used as a capture molecule (probe), is attached in an orderly fashion. Each of the oligonucleotide probes on the microarray corresponds to a specific target gene, allowing the researcher to hybridize and detect multiple sequences in parallel. The synthesis principle of the oligonucleotides varies among different microarray platforms. Probe sequences can be synthesized ex situ and may then be robotically spotted onto the surface, or probe sequences can be synthesized in situ on the surface of the array.

The Virtual Flask Technology

CombiMatrix Corporation has developed a proprietary electrochemical on-chip synthesis principle. The oligonucleotide probes are synthesized in situ on a special reaction matrix above the semiconductor-based supportive material. A special buffer system allows the generation of so-called virtual flasks in which the oligonucleotide synthesis takes place. Each feature (electrode) on the array is individually addressable and thus allows the fast production of a customized chip (Figure 1).

The matriXarray Chip System from Roche Applied Science is built upon this virtual flask technology (Figure 2). Arrays are ordered online, produced in a quality-controlled environment, and delivered within a bar codelabeled protective flow cell. The HybReader Instrument, a walk-away device for array hybridization and imaging; the corresponding buffer sets; and a software suite for image processing, data extraction, and data mining, complete the integrated matriXarray Chip System.

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