( Color may be affected by ch...)The Bio-Rad Silver Stain, Rev E

Color may be affected by charged amino side groups, bond length, and configuration ⁶⁴
Color dependent on size of silver particle: small grains red or yellow-red, large grains blue to black ⁵⁷
Color often enhanced by low concentration of reducing agent in developer, time of development, elevated temperature, or added alkali or metals in developer ^{57, 64}

Sensitivity
Typically 50x more sensitive than Coomassie Blue R-250 (0.1 ng/mm²)
Can be as much as 200x more sensitive than Coomassie Blue R-250 (0.02 ng/mm²) ⁵⁷
Varies with protein
Recycling or prior Coomassie staining may enhance sensitivity ^{14, 57, 61}

Quantitation and Linearity ⁵⁷
Linear range 0.052 ng/mm²
Quantitative comparisons limited to homologous proteins
Optical density vs. protein concentration plot generates protein-specific plots

Nucleic Acid Stain
More sensitive than ethidium bromide 25x more sensitive (<0.03 ng/mm²) for ss DNA²² 1030x (<0.03 ng/mm²) for RNA⁴⁸ 100x (0.01 ng/mm²) for ds DNA³
Detects trace nucleic acids
Detects small polynucleotides (1020 bases)³; sensitivity 0.254 ng for DNA ≥271 bp
Linear range 25250 ng for DNA²²

References
1. Acuto O et al., Purification and NH₂-terminal amino acid sequencing of the β subunit of a human T-cell antigen receptor, Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 81, 38513855 (1984)

2. Akiyoshi DE et al., Cl
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