( Introduction ...)Purification of Two Isoforms of Pyruvate Kinase from Nordic Krill Using an UNO Q1 Column, Rev A

Introduction
Pyruvate kinase (PK, E.C. 2.7.1.40) is one of the key regulatory enzymes of the glycolytic pathway in crustaceans. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate and the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. In addition to the role of PK in aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism in invertebrates, regulation of PK activity in response to changes in temperature and oxygen regimes was found to occur in marine mollusks. Others reported changes in PK enzyme characteristics with temperature in fish and the intertidal mussels, suggesting that modification of the biochemical properties of PK may also play a role in temperature adaptation. The Nordic krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica) is a crustacean which thrives in the open sea under aerobic conditions and a wide range of temperatures. Purification of two isoforms of PK (PK I and PK II) from this species was required to facilitate kinetic and chromatographic studies of these enzymes relating to seasonal temperature adaptation.

Fig. 1. Sample: 5 ml extract; Column: UNO Q1 column; Buffer A: 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0; Buffer B: A+1 M NaCl, pH 8.0; Gradient: 0% B in 10 ml, 030% B in 20 ml, 100% B in 5 ml; Flow rate: 4 ml/min.

Purification
Nordic krill were caught in February and July, deepfrozen and stored at -80 C. For a single extract, two individuals (about 0.4 g) were homogenized in 2.7 ml extraction buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, 60 mM KCl, 4 mM MgSO₄, pH 7.0) with an Ultra-Turrax homogenizer. The suspension was centrifuged and the supernatant was buffer-exchanged into column buffer by gel filtration chromatography. The buffer-exchanged extract was filtered and
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