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Analysis Of Chloramphenicol by Negative Ion Electrospray LC/MS/MS

Z. Yang, Varian, Inc.

Introduction

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a potent, broad-spectrum antibiotic and potential carcinogen used in humans only at therapeutic doses for treatment of serious infections. Its use in meatproducing animals, food producing insects, aquaculture, and animal-feed products has been banned in the United States, Canada and the European Union. However, the illegal use of CAP remains a possibility due to its broad activity, ready availability, and low cost.

CAP can cause an irreversible illness called aplastic anemia. The incidence rate of aplastic anemia is one out of every 25,000 to 40,000 people. Onset may occur weeks or months after ending treatment with CAP. A very low concentration of CAP may be enough to trigger the illness and the safe level of dosage has not been identified.

Due to known effects of CAP and the recent discovery of CAP in imported food, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other government agencies throughout the world have increased sampling and surveillance of imported shrimp, crawfish, honey, royal jelly, feed, and milk products for the presence CAP. In addition, the U.S. FDA has developed an LC/MS/MS method to determine CAP in shrimp.1 The detection limit for the method is 80 pg/g* of shrimp, corresponding to 800 fg/μL of the solution injected into the LC/MS.

Instrumentation

Varian ProStar 430 AutoSampler

Varian ProStar 210 Isocratic Solvent Delivery Modules

Varian 1200L LC/MS equipped with ESI source

Materials and Reagents

Chloramphenicol (Part No. C1919) from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, Missouri, USA).

All other chemicals are reagent grade or HPLC grade.

Results and Discussion

The LC met
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