Acrylamide Polymerization A Practical Approach ( conductivity and pH measureme...)

Acrylamide Polymerization A Practical Approach

conductivity and pH measurement.

2. Linear polyacrylamide Contaminants with catalytic properties may cause what appears to be autopolymerization during the production, processing, or storage of marginally pure acrylamide. This results in the presence of linear polyacrylamide in the dry monomer. Linear polyacrylamide will affect polymerization, since it serves as a nucleus for polymerization. The most important effect is the loss of reproducibility in gel porosity and relative mobilities of proteins and nucleic acids. Linear polyacrylamide is detected as water or alcohol insolubles and should be <0.005% (w/w).

3. Ionic contaminants Ionic contaminants can include both inhibitors and accelerators of polymerization. Aside from acrylic acid, the most notable ionic contaminants are metals such as copper, which can inhibit gel polymerization. Metals can also poison enzymes, alter the relative mobility of metal binding proteins such as calmodulin, and inhibit digestion of electrophoretically purified nucleic acids by restriction and modification enzymes. Ionic contaminants are detected indirectly by their effects on chemical and photochemical polymerization, and by the conductivity of monomer solutions.

bis-Acrylamide
Bis is present in much smaller quantities than acrylamide in monomer solutions. However, improperly purified bis contains some of the same contaminants as acrylamide. These include products of autopolymerization and ionic contaminants, which have the same deleterious effects, and can be detected in the same ways, as the corresponding acrylamide contaminants.

Initiators
Chemical polymerization is initiated by ammonium persulfate, while phot
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