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Stress breaks loops that hold short-term memory together
Date:9/13/2012

nformation fresh.

"Even though these neurons communicate on a scale of every thousandth of a second, they know what they did one second to one-and-a-half seconds ago," Devilbiss said. "But if the neuron doesn't stimulate itself again within a little more than a second, it's lost that information."

Apply some stress in the researchers' case, a loud blast of white noise in the presence of rats working on a maze designed to test working memory and many neurons are distracted from reminding themselves of what was it we were doing again?

"We're simultaneously watching dozens of individual neurons firing in the rats' brains, and under stress those neurons get even more active," said Devilbiss, whose work was supported by the National Science Foundation and National Institutes for Health. "But what they're doing is not retaining information important to completing the maze. They're reacting to other things, less useful things."

Without the roar of white noise, which has been shown to impair rats in the same way it does monkeys and humans, the maze-runners were reaching their goal about 90 percent of the time. Under stress, the animals completed the test at a 65 percent clip, with many struggling enough to fall to blind chance.

Recordings of the electrical activity of prefrontal cortex neurons in the maze-running rats showed these neurons were unable to hold information key to finding the next chocolate chip reward. Instead, the neurons were frenetic, reacting to distractions such as noises and smells in the room.

The effects of stress-related distraction are well-known and dangerous.

"The literature tells us that stress plays a role in more than half of all workplace accidents, and a lot of people have to work under what we would consider a great deal of stress," Devilbiss said. "Air traffic controllers need to concentrate and focus with a lot riding on their actions. People in the military have to carry ou
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Contact: David Devilbiss
ddevilbiss@wisc.edu
608-265-8722
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Source:Eurekalert

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