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Locating the elusive
Date:8/22/2011

trange love-hate relationship exhibited by the two phenomena. What a ferromagnetic requires to exist is not the same as what a ferroelectric requires.

Yet strangely, the two compliment each other and share a strong relationship, where one affects the other. The scarcity of these multiferroics however, is a result of this unique phenomenon combined with the few naturally occurring examples.

"They are scarce and the problem is that most of them are multiferroic only at very low temperatures," added Valencia. "Therefore they are not useful for applications. If you have to go to -270 C for a multiferroic then it's really complicated and expensive to implement them in room temperature working devices."

The researchers witnessed this multiferroic behaviour by investigating magnetic moments of Titanium (Ti) and Oxygen (O) atoms in BaTiO3 by using synchrotron radiation source BESSY II of Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin. They used a research method known as soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering.

The team was able to witness the dual traits of both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic in the thin films of BaTiO3. And since BaTiO3 is a non-magnetic ferroelectric material at room temperature, the ferromagnetism was induced by proximity to natural ferromagnets such as iron (Fe) and Cobalt (Co). In order to achieve these results the researchers deposited a ten atom thin film of iron and cobalt on top of a four atom thin BaTiO3 film. "These small thicknesses are indeed required for the implementation of such materials in devices to keep their small size," added Valencia.


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Contact: Dr. Sergio Valencia
sergio.valencia@helmholtz-berlin.de
49-308-062-15750
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
Source:Eurekalert  

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