Dr Dale Bredesen, Chief Executive and Scientific Director at the Buck Institute, added: "This work brings a new richness and sophistication to the way we think about longevity interventions.
"If we're smart about it, we might be able to design strategies where you could keep checkpoint proteins active in dividing cells and stop them working in cells that no longer divide, such as brain cells.
"Increasing the survival of brain cells or 'neurons' could provide a new avenue of treatment for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's."