Bradley and Hetz will next work on developing a comprehensive model of insect breathing. "We'd like to expand our present model to explain all aspects of insect breathing. And we'd like to examine insects that do not show this pattern -- for example, desert beetles. While we have shown that insects monitor oxygen precisely, we do not know how that happens or which tissues and cells are involved. Once we're equipped with a better knowledge of the insect breathing pattern it could shed light on when pesticides should be used to control insects -- crucial for the agricultural industry."