( My baby is doing what other babies her...)Thymus transplants gives hope to babies with fatal immune disease

Lolita Harding is describing her daughter Dave'yana, who will turn three in September, thanks in large part to a thymus transplant she received at Duke University Medical Center in April 2005 to reconstitute her absent immune system. Dave'yana was the 31st baby to receive such a transplant at Duke to correct immune system deficiencies caused by a condition called DiGeorge anomaly. Duke is the only center in the world that performs the procedure.

The latest results of Duke's experience with this treatment of DiGeorge anomaly, published Tuesday, May 15, in the journal Blood, show that 75 percent of the babies who received a thymus transplant were alive after one year. The recipient of the first transplant, in 1994, is alive and well.

The current study was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the Food and Drug Administration.

DiGeorge anomaly is marked by the lack of a functioning thymus, a gland that is responsible for "teaching" immune system cells known as T cells how to attack and fight off infections. Babies with DiGeorge anomaly also can have a range of problems including heart defects and unusual facial features. However, about 1 percent of these babies have no thymus at all, a situation that ends in death, usually by infection. These are the patients who are candidates for thymus transplantation.

"We want people to know that when the diagnosis of complete DiGeorge anomaly is made, it is no longer a death sentence," said pediatric immunologist Louise Markert, M.D., Ph.D., who developed the procedure. "There is a treatment available -- thymus transplantation -- that has led to survival of most of the infants who otherwise would have died."

For the procedure, surgeons obtain thymus tissue that usually is discarded from babies undergoing heart surgery. Since the gla
'"/>

Source:Duke University Medical Center