Navigation Links
HIV-1 kills immune cells in the gut that may never bounce back

se cells. It doesn't give us the whole picture," Markowitz says. "But if we actually go into tissue, we see something different. What we see there is eye-opening." After three years of intensive drug therapy that suppresses HIV replication very effectively, most patients still had only half the normal number of CD4+ effector memory T cells in their GI tracts.

"Obviously the first question is, why" What's the mechanism"" Markowitz says.

A second paper, published online in the Journal of Virology, makes some headway toward an answer. By examining the viral burden of DNA and RNA in cells from the GI tract, and comparing that to cells from the peripheral blood, Markowitz, Mehandru and their collaborators determined that the mucosal lining of the GI tract carried a disproportionately heavy viral load. That means that the initial loss of CD4 T cells in that area is partially due to virus activity. But the researchers also found evidence suggesting that there are at least two more ways in which the cells were being killed off. Some of the T cells self-destruct (a process called activation-induced cell death or apoptosis), while some appear to be killed by other cytotoxic immune cells.

"These papers speak strongly to HIV pathogenesis, to HIV therapy, and to understanding how the host and virus interact," Markowitz says. However, the short and long term consequences of the persistence of this depletion remain unknown.

In the clinic, if the loss of CD4 T cells in the GI tract translates into increased incidence of colonic polyps or colorectal cancer, routine monitoring practices will have to be re-examined, with HIV-positive patients receiving colonoscopies earlier and perhaps more frequently than current recommendations allow. In the laboratory, these findings should give researchers another angle with which to approach HIV vaccines.

"What good is a vaccine going to be if you get immune responses in peripheral blood but t
'"/>

Source:Rockefeller University


Page: 1 2 3

Related biology news :

1. Research advances quest for HIV-1 vaccine
2. HIV-1 spread through six transmission lines in the UK
3. Ancient immune defense mechanism is no match for HIV-1
4. UAB researchers confirm HIV-1 originated in wild chimpanzees
5. HIV-1s high virulence might be an accident of evolution
6. Human testis harbors HIV-1 in resident immune cells
7. Researchers discover new details about HIV-1 entry and infection
8. Study: Harmless virus kills some cancers
9. VCU study shows hormone-like molecule kills cells that cause inflammation in allergic disease
10. Scientists develop nanotech-laser treatment that kills cancer cells without harming healthy tissue
11. Restoring silenced suppressor gene kills lung-cancer cells

Post Your Comments:
(Date:11/3/2009)...ecutives in 35 of the top Fortune 500 companies we...es" in 2008, according to a new type of theoretica...her to determine fair CEO compensation. , "One o...nce issues of the day is how to determine fair pay...n, a professor of chemical engineering. "The propo...
(Date:11/3/2009)...ew and diverse types of garlic is on the rise. Fue...foods" movement, interest in world cuisines, and w...fits, demand for high-quality, locally grown garli... grocery stores in carry the familiar white, "soft...ties of "hardneck" garlic in colorful hues of purp...
(Date:11/3/2009)...ixed reputation. Their delicate, colorful flowers ...home gardeners and growers. But the striking plant...ecipe of light, moisture, warm temperatures, high ...african violets to grow and flower. , A recently...d Janet C. Cole from the Department of Horticultur...
Breaking Biology News(10 mins):New theory on fairness in economics targets CEO pay 2New theory on fairness in economics targets CEO pay 3New theory on fairness in economics targets CEO pay 4Sustainably grown garlic 2Sustainably grown garlic 3For African violets, 'hands off' means healthier 2The Hanover Launches New Insurance Option to Protect Family Members in Assisted Living Facilities 52000 1The Hanover Launches New Insurance Option to Protect Family Members in Assisted Living Facilities 52000 2The Hanover Launches New Insurance Option to Protect Family Members in Assisted Living Facilities 52000 3Encorium Group Completes Sale of its U S Business to Pierrel Research USA 3B Announces Management Changes 13076 1Encorium Group Completes Sale of its U S Business to Pierrel Research USA 3B Announces Management Changes 13076 2Encorium Group Completes Sale of its U S Business to Pierrel Research USA 3B Announces Management Changes 13076 3Encorium Group Completes Sale of its U S Business to Pierrel Research USA 3B Announces Management Changes 13076 4Ted Karkus Named CEO of The Quigley Corporation 3B Robert V Cuddihy Jr Named Chief Operating Officer 51991 1Ted Karkus Named CEO of The Quigley Corporation 3B Robert V Cuddihy Jr Named Chief Operating Officer 51991 2Ted Karkus Named CEO of The Quigley Corporation 3B Robert V Cuddihy Jr Named Chief Operating Officer 51991 3Ted Karkus Named CEO of The Quigley Corporation 3B Robert V Cuddihy Jr Named Chief Operating Officer 51991 4
...t contain high levels of action, such as Unreal To...earchers at the University of Rochester have shown...ew hours a day over the course of a month improved...letters presented in clutter—a visual acuity test ...ics. , In essence, playing video game improves y...
...l team led by researchers from the National Human ...ional Institutes of Health (NIH), has identified a...all size in dogs. The findings appear in the April...tification and characterization of a key genetic v...s particularly exciting because the underlying gen...
...t St. Jude Children,s Research Hospital have disco...bute to the formation of pediatric acute lymphobla...ldren. The discovery not only suggests novel metho... roadmap for the identification of unsuspected mut...ich immature white blood cells that normally devel...
Other Biology News:Action video games sharpen vision 20 percent 2Researchers identify gene involved in dog size 2Researchers identify gene involved in dog size 3Researchers identify gene involved in dog size 4Major gene study uncovers secrets of leukemia 2Major gene study uncovers secrets of leukemia 3
(Date:11/5/2009)..., AUSTIN, Texas, Nov. 5 SpineSm...GenOsteo, Inc. to co-develop a unique scaffold tha... Following evaluation of several commercial produ...tment, the company believes the GenOsteo scaffold ... that creates a unique and ideal environment for t...
(Date:11/5/2009)... Brooke Sanders brings a n...vine, CA (PRWEB) November 5, 2009 -- Professional ...ng reprographics company is pleased to present Bro...ny as their graphics/PR specialist. The addition o...onsistent growth within Professional Reprographics...
(Date:11/4/2009)..., PETERSBURG, Va., Nov. 4 /PRNewswire-FirstCall...nounced today that the company plans to introduce ...ts subsidiary, Rock Creek Pharmaceuticals, for wor...nVentiv Health, Inc . (Nasdaq: VTIV). inVentiv H... solutions for every stage of the product lifecycl...
(Date:11/4/2009)..., ,, NORRISTOWN, Pa., Nov. 4 /PRNewswire...ceutical solutions company, today announced that i...search , a contract research organization that sp...es, to further extend its business development cap... expertise of industry veteran Robert Westbrook, C...
Breaking Biology Technology:SpineSmith Partners and GenOsteo Announce Collaborative Product Development Agreement 2Star Scientific Plans Worldwide Marketing and Sales of CigRx(TM) Nutraceutical in Partnership with inVentiv Health 2Star Scientific Plans Worldwide Marketing and Sales of CigRx(TM) Nutraceutical in Partnership with inVentiv Health 3Star Scientific Plans Worldwide Marketing and Sales of CigRx(TM) Nutraceutical in Partnership with inVentiv Health 4Emerson Resources Forges Strategic Partnership with Bio Research 2
...Adverse Toxic Effects, ATLANTA, Nov. 10 Potentia...ompany developing medicines for the treatment of,a...hase I data last week,during the Retina Subspecial...AO) Annual Meeting in Atlanta, GA. The data was fr...POT-4 Therapy for Patients with Neovascular,Age-Re...
...and Public Health Care ... to help government,entities, hospitals and public...mmunization season, Sentry Logistic Solutions is a...r storage and handling of vaccine,materials. In or...oducts,vaccine storage and distribution functions ...
...sdaq: NGSX ), a biopharmaceutical company focused...gement therapies, announced today that,Anthony DiT...heduled to,present at the Rodman & Renshaw 10th An...sday, November 11, 2008. Mr. DiTonno and Stephen G...ilable to respond to questions,during the breakout...
Other Biology Technology:Potentia Pharmaceuticals' Drug Candidate for Age-Related Macular Degeneration Shows Positive Safety Profile in Phase I Clinical Trial 2Potentia Pharmaceuticals' Drug Candidate for Age-Related Macular Degeneration Shows Positive Safety Profile in Phase I Clinical Trial 3Sentry Logistic Solutions Offers Outsourced Vaccine Storage & Distribution Service 2Sentry Logistic Solutions Offers Outsourced Vaccine Storage & Distribution Service 3NeurogesX to Present at Rodman & Renshaw 10th Annual Healthcare Conference 2NeurogesX to Present at Rodman & Renshaw 10th Annual Healthcare Conference 3
Bromophenol Blue sodium salt from Sigma-Aldrich
DAPI from KPL
LV-2080 Solvent Switching Valve from JASCO
GelCode Color Silver Stain Kit from Pierce Biotechnology, Inc.
Biology Products: