( When microorganisms invade the body im...)Clean skies=faster global warming?

When microorganisms invade the body, immune mechanisms kick in to fight them off. The infected tissues typically show depleted oxygen levels, and a protein called HIF-1 alpha regulates this. Interestingly, the cells responsible for destroying the foreign pathogens are effective in this low-oxygen environment. In a new study appearing in the July 1 print issue of The Journal of Clinical Investigation, Randall Johnson and collegues from UCSD show for the first time that induction of the HIF-1 pathway can act as a "super-antibiotic", accelerating the killing of bacteria in conditions typical of those found during bacterial infection and sepsis.

The authors show that regulation of HIF-1 is required for immune defense against bacterial infection. They also show that bacteria killing is increased under conditions of low oxygen due to HIF-1 upregulation, and that bacterial infection upregulates HIF-1. In fact, upregulation of HIF-1 enhances expression of bactericidal agents and killing of bacteria.

This reveals that a novel approach to treating bacterial infection is by increasing the killing capacity of cells of the innate immune system. In a related commentary, Kol Zarember and Harry Melach write, "By dissecting the role of HIF-1 in innate immune defenses, the study…introduces new targets for therapeutic immunomodulation."

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TITLE: HIF-1alpha expression regulates the bactericidal capacity of phagocytes

View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/article.php?id=23865

ACCOMPANYING COMMENTARY:

Title: HIF-1alpha: a master regulator of innate host defenses?

View the PDF of this article at: https://www.the-jci.org/article.php?id=25740

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Source:NERC


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