AFRICA:
* Guinean Forests of West Africa
* Cape Floristic Region (South Africa)
* Succulent Karoo (South Africa, Namibia)
* Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands
* Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa
* Eastern Afromontane (NEWLY DISTINCT AND SIGNIFICANTLY EXPANDED)
* Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany (South Africa, Swaziland, Mozambique) (NEW)
* Horn of Africa (NEW)
EUROPE AND AFRICA:
* Mediterranean Basin
ASIA:
* Caucasus
* Western Ghats and Sri Lanka (India, Sri Lanka)
* Mountains of Southwest China
* Sundaland (Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei)
* Wallacea (Indonesia)
* Philippines
* Himalaya (NEWLY DISTINCT)
* Indo-Burma
* Irano-Anatolian (NEW)
* Mountains of Central Asia (NEW)
* Japan (NEW)
OCEANIA:
* Southwest Australia
* New Caledonia
* New Zealand
* Polynesia-Micronesia (includes Hawaii)
* East Melanesian Islands (NEW)
The threats to the hotspots include: habitat destruction; invasive species; direct human exploitation of species for food, medicine, and the pet trade; and climate change, which magnifies the effects of habitat destruction and fragmentation.
The latest analysis offers mixed news about existing hotspots. On one hand, some hotspots have deteriorated significantly: a notable example is Southeast Asia's Sun
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Source:Conservation International