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Asymptomatic HIV babies could use earlier treatment

ng antiretroviral treatment are not known. Concerns about the drugs?possible toxic side-effects and the development of viral resistance to available treatments must be balanced against a desire to do everything possible to keep infected children healthy.

Maldonado and her colleagues collected data from hospitals throughout northern California over a 17- year period. Statistical calculations indicate that their sample of 205 children represent nearly every HIV-infected child born in the area during that time—an unbiased sample that allowed them to analyze all infected babies, not just the sickest. “We were able to analyze children with the full spectrum of disease across many years, rather than using mathematical models to predict the development of illness in the children,?said Maldonado. “We were able to see the real distribution of illness, what kinds of treatment the children were given and the ages when they started treatment.?/p>

The researchers divided the HIV-infected newborns into three groups: those born from 1988 to 1991, from 1992 to 1995 and from 1996 to 2001 based on the types of therapy available in those years. Members of the early group were usually evaluated for infection by their first birthday; those in the middle and late groups were assessed within the first month. Those in the late group benefited from the introduction of a special type of antiretroviral drug called a protease inhibitor. They followed the children for the first three years of life, tracking at what age they developed AIDS and the rate of survival through their third birthday.

As might be expected, infants born later in the study period were more likely to receive triple therapy and less likely to experience AIDS-related complications or death. In fact, none of the 23 children who received triple therapy died or developed AIDS before their third birthday. In contrast, about 55 percent of the children in the first two groups died of AIDS. When the researchers
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Source:Stanford University


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