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Date:4/16/2008

ocks the insects' sense of smell. It seems that DEET functions by masking the odor that would attract the insect by blocking odorant receptors that require the olfactory co-receptor OR83b.

M. Ditzen, M. Pellegrino, L. B. Vosshall, Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent DEET. Science 319, 1838-1842 (2008).

  • Lymphoma

    Differentiation, survival, and growth of B cells, a particular type of immune cell, requires proper functioning of the nuclear factor B (NF- B) signaling pathway, which includes a protein called CARD11 that serves as a docking site for signaling molecules. Lenz et al. discovered that a common form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma in humans is caused by mutations in the CARD11 gene. These mutant forms of CARD11 caused inappropriate activation of the NF- B pathway.

    G. Lenz, R. E. Davis, V. N. Ngo, L. Lam, T. C. George, G. W. Wright, S. S. Dave, H. Zhao, W. Xu, A. Rosenwald, G. Ott, H. K. Muller-Hermelink, R. D. Gascoyne, J. M. Connors, L. M. Rimsza, E. Campo, E. S. Jaffe, J. Delabie, E. B. Smeland, R. I. Fisher, W. C. Chan, L. M. Staudt, Oncogenic CARD11 mutations in human diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Science 319, 1676-1679 (2008).

  • Colorectal Carcinoma

    The Wnt signal transduction pathway is a critical player in animal development; however, inappropriate activation of this pathway triggers tumorigenesis. For example, disruption of the tumor suppressor known as APC, a negative regulator of Wnt signaling, results in colorectal carcinoma. Although APC is a well known inhibitor of Wnt signaling, now it appears that in fruit flies APC has an activating role in Wnt signaling.

    C. M. Takacs, J. R. Baird, E. G. Hughes, S. S. Kent, H. Benchabane, R. Paik, Y. Ahmed, Dual positive and negative regulation of Wingless signaling by adenomatous polyposis coli. Science 319, 333-336 (2008).

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