Researchers develop better membranes for water treatment, dru...( CHAMPAIGN Ill. Researchers at the U...)

CHAMPAIGN, Ill. Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new generation of biomimetic membranes for water treatment and drug delivery. The highly permeable and selective membranes are based on the incorporation of the functional water channel protein Aquaporin Z into a novel A-B-A triblock copolymer.

The experimental membranes, currently in the form of vesicles, show significantly higher water transport than existing reverse-osmosis membranes used in water purification and desalination. The researchers describe their membranes in a paper accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The paper is to be published in PNAS Online Early Edition this week.

We took a close look at how kidneys so efficiently transport water through a membrane with aquaporins, and then we found a way to duplicate that in a synthetic system, said Manish Kumar, a graduate research assistant at the U. of I., and the papers lead author.

Unlike most biological membranes, polymer membranes are very stable and can withstand considerable pressure essential requirements for water purification and desalination processes. Placing aquaporins in materials that we can use outside the body opens doors to industrial and municipal applications, Kumar said.

To make their protein-polymer membranes, the researchers begin with a polymer that self-assembles into hollow spheres called vesicles. While the polymer is assembling, the researchers add Aquaporin Z a protein found in Escherichia coli bacteria.

Aquaporin Z makes a hole in the membrane that only water can go through, so its both fast and selective, said membrane specialist Mark Clark, a professor of civil and environmental engineering and one of the papers co-authors.

By varying the amount of Aquaporin Z, we can vary the membranes permeability, Kumar said, which could be very useful for drug-delivery applications.

With their high permeability and high selectivity, the
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