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Productivity and quality of grape vary according to plot of vineyard under cultivation
Date:3/2/2011

udy showed that erosion processes in the soil influences the horizontal and vertical distribution of its properties and, in particular, the depth of it. The variability of the physical properties enabled identifying four types of soil: a) deposition soil, with a depth greater than 110 cm and an irregular distribution of in-depth organic material; b) argillite soil, with a depth of between 85 and 100 cm and characterised by a reddish-coloured clayey layer at 50-80 cm depth; c) limolite soil with a depth of between 50 and 100 cm and an in-depth clay content of 270-380 g per kg; and d) sandstone soil with a depth of between 25 and 80 cm and with a high content of in-depth sand (300 g per kg).

More vigorous vines on soils with greater water retention

Amongst other results, it was shown that soils with the greatest capacity for retention of water (deposition and argillite soil) were those that developed the most robust vines. Hydric availability affected the unit production of the vine and the number of grape bunches on the deposition soil, although it was observed that, after one year of high production and number of grape bunches, there was a considerable drop in these variables the following year.

The research also revealed that the best conditions for obtaining a higher degree of probable alcohol are in years where there is less hydric availability during the setting to the vraison (onset of ripening) periods (middle of June to end of July) and greater hydric availability during ageing (August-September). This effect was clearly reflected with the different types of soil.

The temperature during the month of September prior to the harvest was one of the most influencing factors on the malic acid content of the must. High temperatures favoured the combustion of malic acid and, thus, the loss of this acid. The temperature of the grape bunch was influenced by the temperature of the air and the shade afforded.

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