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Pourquié lab links beta-catenin gradient to process of somite formation
Date:12/27/2007

The Stowers Institutes Pourqui Lab has demonstrated the importance of Beta-catenin, a key component of the Wnt-signaling pathway in the process of somite formation. The work has been published on the Web site of Nature Cell Biology and will appear in a future print issued. It was conducted using a novel real-time imaging technology.

The team analyzed the somite segmentation process that results in the formation of the vertebral column. This process is thought to be controlled by two components: a molecular oscillator (the segmentation clock), and the graded activity of several major signaling pathways (the gradient) in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). The PSM is the middle layer of the three cell layers that form an early embryo. Wnt-signaling has been implicated in both these mechanisms, but precisely how was unclear until now.

In this work, the Pourqui team tested the importance of Beta-catenin, a protein that functions as the principal mediator of the Wnt-signaling pathway, in the process of somite formation. They showed that a newly identified Beta-catenin protein gradient in the PSM is critical in regulating mesoderm maturation. Real-time imaging experiments also demonstrated that, conversely, the segmentation clock is not caused by graded levels of Beta-catenin protein.

We were able to demonstrate that increasing Beta-catenin protein levels dramatically alters PSM maturation, said Alexander Aulehla, M.D., Senior Research Associate and first author on the paper. But, by using the real-time imaging technique in mouse embryos, we could show that increasing Beta-catenin also corresponded with ongoing, even ectopic, oscillations of the segmentation clock, which controls the rate of somite development.

This work offers novel insights into how the mechanisms of maturation and oscillation in the PSM are controlled and how they are interconnected, said Olivier Pourqui, Ph.D., Investigator and senior author on the paper. Addit
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Contact: Marie Jennings
mfj@stowers-institute.org
816-926-4015
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
Source:Eurekalert

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