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NIDCD-funded chemosensory researchers present findings at AChemS 2010 Meeting
Date:4/18/2010

Individuals involved in rescue, recovery, demolition, and clean-up after the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster on September 11, 2001, were exposed to a complex mixture of airborne smoke, dust, combustion gases, acid mists, and metal fumes. The impact of this exposure on responders' upper and lower respiratory function has been well documented, but little is known about its impact on their sensitivity to odor and irritants. Researchers supported by NIDCD and the Monell Chemical Senses Center studied 102 individuals who worked or volunteered at the WTC site by administering a battery of tests to measure sensitivity to odors, which are perceived by the olfactory receptors high in the nasal cavity. They also measured irritants, which are perceived by the trigeminal nerve, a nerve in the head that senses touch, temperature, and pain. The researchers found that, even two years after exposure, the loss of olfactory and trigeminal sensitivity was significantly greater in the exposed group in comparison to individuals who weren't exposed. Thirty to 40 percent of the WTC group was significantly impaired in their ability to detect odors, while 75 percent were either partially or completely impaired in their ability to sense irritants. The most profound loss of sensitivity was found in people caught in the dust cloud after the buildings collapsed. The nose's ability to sense potentially harmful irritants in the air is part of an early warning system that protects the respiratory tract from toxic exposure.

The poster "Chemosensory Loss: Functional Consequences of the World Trade Center Disaster" (#249) takes place Saturday, April 24, 8:00 a.m. 12:00 p.m. ET in the Pavilion.

"Smounds" Delicious! Smell and Sound Converge in a Little-Known Part of the Brain

Recent NIDCD-sponsored research shows that cells in a part of the brain called the olfactory tubercle not only discriminate odors -- they also respond to sound. Scientists found that 65 per
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Contact: Robin Latham
lathamr@nidcd.nih.gov
301-496-9898
NIH/National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders
Source:Eurekalert

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