Looking at neurons from all sides( HOUSTON (April 28 2008) A new tech...)

HOUSTON (April 28, 2008) A new technique that marries a fast-moving laser beam with a special microscope that look at tissues in different optical planes will enable scientists to get a three-dimensional view of neurons or nerve cells as they interact, said Baylor College of Medicine scientists in a report that appears today in the journal Nature Neuroscience.

Most microscopes can only study cell function in two dimensions, said Dr. Gaddum Duemani Reddy, an M.D./Ph.D. student at BCM at Houston and Rice University and also first author of the study. To look at different planes, you have move your preparation (of cells) or the objective lens. That takes time, and we are looking at processes that happen in milliseconds.

To solve that problem, he said, they developed a trick to quickly move a laser beam in three dimensions and then adapted that laser beam to the multi-photon microscope they were using. That allowed them to see the neurons function in three dimensions, giving them a much better view of its activity.

A multiphoton microscope looks much like a conventional, upright microscope but it has an adaption that allows it to look at tissues in sections. A conventional multiphoton microscope does that very slowly, he said.

With ours, you can do it very quickly. We are starting to see how a single neuron behaves in our laboratory, he said. The next step, he said, will be to use to it to look a clusters or colonies of neurons. This will enable them to actually see the neuronal interactions.

At present, the technology is applied in my lab to study information processing of single neurons in brain slice preparations by 3D multi-site optical recording, said Dr. Peter Saggau, professor of neuroscience at BCM and the papers senior author.

He is collaborating with two other labs on using the technology in other ways. In one, he said, researchers plan to use the technology to monitor nerve activity in the bra
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