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Geology's 'Mystery Interval,' the 'Great Deepening,' and the largest kill-off in Earth history
Date:8/23/2012

autotomy. These include the linking of adjacent short lengths of stalk by short ligaments that the organism could dissolve; the evolutionary trend to narrow the axial canal; occlusion of the axial canal in some species; and the ability to seal the axial canal. The ability to autotomize the distal stem in many Paleozoic crinoid clades was, at the very least, latent; if overt, it would have facilitated escape from environmental disturbance. Authors Stephen K. Donovan and colleagues note that his may, in part, explain the great abundance of disarticulated crinoid stem fragments in many Paleozoic sedimentary deposits.

Large, deepwater slope failures: Implications for landslide-generated tsunamis
Claudio Lo Iacono et al., Unidad de Tecnologa Marina, CSIC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. Posted online ahead of print 22 Aug. 2012; doi: 10.1130/G33446.1.

This paper yields fresh insights on the potential tsunami hazard related to deep-water landslides (deeper than 3000 m). Deep-water landslides are often underestimated as tsunami triggers, mainly due to the lack of high-resolution data required to assess this potential hazard and because only large-volume landslides will generate dangerous tsunami waves at these water depths. The North Gorringe debris avalanche (NGA) is a large (about 80 cubic kilometers), deep-water (2900 m to 5100 m depth) mass failure located at the northern flank of the Gorringe Bank on the SW Iberian Margin. Tsunami simulations show that a mass failure similar to the NGA could generate a wave higher than 15 meters that would hit the south Portuguese coasts in about 30 minutes. Steep slopes and pervasive fracturing are suggested as the main preconditioning factors for the NGA, while an earthquake is the most likely trigger mechanism. Geological factors that favored the NGA failure still persist in the area, suggesting that deep-water landslides require more attention in geo-hazard assessments models of Southern Europe,
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Contact: Kea Giles
kgiles@geosociety.org
Geological Society of America
Source:Eurekalert

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