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Genome sequence shows sorghum's immense potential
Date:1/29/2009

f perennial grasses that is a leading biofuel crop in Europe. These plants have much larger and more complicated genomes than sorghum, a close relative that can be a guide to accelerating their improvement.

In the U.S. now, it's not clear whether Miscanthus or switchgrass will dominate the biofuel arena, he said, but recent side-by-side studies show that Miscanthus out yields switchgrass by as much as three to one.

Sorghum is also used to make biofuel and currently is the No. 2 source of fuel ethanol in the U.S. Corn is first. There is a shift taking place away from seed-based biofuel produced today to cellulose-based production, a process for which sorghum also shows great promise. That is why the U.S. Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute got involved with sorghum sequencing.

The sorghum genome sequence also has other uses. Sorghum's close cousin Johnson grass is one of the world's worst weeds. Paterson hopes that by using the sequence, researchers can find better ways of controlling the weed.

A third use of sorghum's genome sequence will be to gain insights into the reasons that sorghum, rice and other cereals are different from one another.

Sorghum is only the second grass genome sequenced. Rice was the first. While the two grasses are similar93 percent of the genes present in sorghum are also found in ricethe differences are important enough to warrant closer inspection.

For example, Paterson's team discovered that sorghum's seed protein genes are completely different than the seed protein genes contained in rice. But they don't know how and why.

"The genes don't just stand out and say, 'Here I am. This is why I'm different from rice,'" Paterson said. "We have a lot of new questions to ask."

He would like to continue to build on his 17 years of sorghum research to find out what happened to sorghum's and rice's common ancestor millions of years ago to form the plants that sustain u
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Contact: Stephanie Schupska
schupska@uga.edu
706-542-8981
University of Georgia
Source:Eurekalert

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