A.P. Webber et al., School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK. Posted online 19 October 2012; doi: 10.1130/G33301.1.
This article shows that mantle plumes -- hot, upwelling portions of the Earth's mantle -- create large quantities of gold-rich crust when they are melted. These gold-rich rocks contain up to 13 times the amount of gold in normal crust. This means that crust created from mantle plumes represent a rich source of gold and other metals which could be incorporated into mineral deposits. As such, mineral deposits created by sourcing metals from such rocks may be larger or occur more frequently than deposits formed from normal crust. It follows that areas of the Earth's surface formed from the melting of mantle plumes might be highly prospective for gold deposits.
Copper, lead, and silver isotopes solve a major economic conundrum of Tudor and early Stuart Europe
Anne-Marie Desaulty and Francis Albarede (corresponding), Laboratoire de Gologie de Lyon, Ecole Normale Suprieure, Universit de Lyon 1, and CNRS, 69007 Lyon, France; and Dept. of Earth Science, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. Posted online 6 November 2012; doi: 10.1130/G33555.1.
The Price Revolution in Europe, the unrelenting inflation during the years 1515 to 1650, has been variously explained by the influx of silver from Mexico and Peru, growth of the European population, and the decline of silver market price. Analysis of silver, copper, and lead isotope abundances in 1550-1650 English coinage show the dominance of silver from Europe and Mexico, contrasting with a remarkably small contribution from Peru. This observation is not consistent with the official registration of metal production in the mines of the Spanish Americas. Hence the question: Where did Potosi silve
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