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Female embryonic sexual development driven by universal factor
Date:11/13/2008

eriment in embryos in the early stages of testes development.

"When we looked at the testes without beta-catenin," Yao said, "they developed just fine."

The results were so unexpected that the researchers conducted the experiment again and again to test their findings.

"When I looked at the results in the testes I couldn't believe it. How could such an important gene like beta-catenin function differently in males and females?" Yao said.

When beta-catenin acts as a transcription factor it goes into the nucleus of the cell to interact with the DNA. The proteins, Wnt4 and R-spondin1 (and another one, called follistatin, which is also an important player in this pathway), are all secreted proteins. They are emitted from the cell, Yao said, and yet it appears that their production or secretion relies on an intracellular protein, beta-catenin.

"Wnt4, R-spondin1, follistatin these genes all code for secreted proteins," Yao said. "How does the cell know to respond to this signal? And how can secreted factors change the fate of an organism?"

Yao said his team's findings provided some support for the "Z" hypothesis, with beta-catenin acting as a vital intermediary in a pathway that includes Wnt4 and R-spondin1 to suppress the development of male sex organs.


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Contact: Diana Yates, Life Sciences Editor
diya@illinois.edu
217-333-5802
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Source:Eurekalert  

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