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ESF's European ice core project EPICA receives prestigious Descartes Prize
Date:3/12/2008

ts, EPICA is a unique possibility to perform top-level research together with colleagues from all over Europe and to establish their own scientific career. With the Descartes Prize we can intensify this tight networking and the close collaboration even further, added Fischer.

During its duration EPICA succeeded to retrieve two deep ice cores from the 3000 meter thick East Antarctic Ice Sheet over several years in remote regions far from any coastal research stations. Drilling operations took place under extreme climatic conditions at Dome C at 7506'S, 12324'E with a mean annual temperature of - 54.5 C. The second drilling was carried out by the Alfred Wegener Institute in Dronning Maud Land at 7500'S, 001'E and a mean annual temperature of - 44.6C. After retrieval, the ice cores were shipped in frozen state to Bremerhaven, where they were cut and analysed in the various European laboratories and compared to Greenland counterparts.

Based on the EPICA ice cores it was possible to measure temperature and precipitation rates, atmospheric aerosol composition, solar activity, the flux of extraterrestrial dust onto the Earth as well as atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations of the past. The results show that the concentrations of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide have never been as high over the last 650,000 years as today, when human activities artificially emit those gases into the atmosphere.

We are out of the natural bounds with anthropogenic forcing. Due to human made emissions today, methane concentration is 150% higher than the natural methane concentration would be, said Fischer.

The carbon dioxide level in the past is tightly coupled to temperature changes in the Antarctic, respectively the Southern Ocean. Among others, warm periods prior to 450,000 years before present exhibited lower temperatures and greenhouse gas concentrations than our current warm period, the Holocene. Also the temperature
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Contact: Sofia Valleley
svalleley@esf.org
33-388-762-159
European Science Foundation
Source:Eurekalert

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