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Carnivorous mice spread deadly plague in prairie dog towns, Stanford study finds
Date:8/3/2010

ack Death that killed 200 million Europeans in the 14th century, arrived in the United States via San Francisco around 1900 and still infects people worldwide," Jones said.

A number of other deadly human diseases like hantavirus, Ebola and anthrax show the same pattern of decimating communities, disappearing and coming back years later, said Daniel Salkeld, a Stanford postdoctoral scholar and lead author of the study.

"A key element to their control and eradication is understanding where they persist in the latent phase and identifying the conditions that result in sporadic epidemics," Salkeld said.

Territorial families

The research team focused on black-tailed prairie dogs, one of five prairie dog species whose populations have dwindled over the past century because of habitat destruction, extermination and plague.

Tracking infectious diseases in prairie dogs is challenging. The burrowing rodents live in complex underground communities largely hidden from view.

"Prairie dogs are highly social ground squirrels that occupy colonies, or towns, which can extend for 500 acres and comprise 5,000 individuals or more," Salkeld said. "While the town provides a defense against predators, individual prairie dogs are highly territorial."

Prairie dogs live in small family groups, known as coteries, which they defend vigorously. A large prairie dog town may have 1,000 coteries. Together, they form a grid of small, isolated territories within the town, Jones added.

"The coteries are spread out almost lattice-like," he said. "That has implications for infectious disease transmission. Each coterie has only a few neighbors. Because prairie dogs don't venture outside their territories, they can only infect their immediate neighbors. This territoriality limits the rate of disease propagation through the prairie dog town."

Little mouse on the prairie

Plague is not transmitted dir
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Contact: Mark Shwartz
mshwartz@stanford.edu
650-723-9296
Stanford University
Source:Eurekalert  

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