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Breast cancer cells have to learn to walk before they can run
Date:12/31/2007

gardless of tumor size.

While the presence of highly motile cells may guide treatment decisions in the future, the researchers have yet to show that wandering cells do indeed influence a patients outcome, cautions Pearson.

In their study, the Salk researchers used a tissue culture model that recreates the duct of the mammary gland. They embedded human cells, isolated from breast tissue, in a three-dimensional matrix that mimics their natural surroundings. These cells spontaneously develop into so called acini, hollow structures resembling tiny milk ducts.

Then they turned on the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathway, a signaling cascade frequently activated during the development of tumors, and watched in real time as breast cancer cells learned how to walk. We quickly realized that there was a significant cell movement, which was quite surprising, recounts Pearson. Within 24 hours, a large number of these spheres had lost their organization, and the cells started to dance around. (see movie)

While dangerously invasive cells can squeeze through the basement membrane and make a run for the surrounding tissue, motile cells still could not escape the confines of the ERK-activated acini. But the acquisition of motility prior to invasion presumably lowers the barrier for future invasive growth, explains Pearson.

The advent of live-cell imaging allows us to watch labeled cells move around in tissues and learn a lot about their behavior, which wouldnt be revealed in cultured cells, says Hunter.

With the next step, Pearson hopes to identify molecular markers for breast cancer cell motility that will help oncologists to diagnose patients who are at higher risk of metastasis.


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Contact: Gina Kirchweger
kirchweger@salk.edu
858-453-4100 x1340
Salk Institute
Source:Eurekalert

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