ven this, the team focused on the Basque community living on the other side of the Atlantic. "We have these genetically same populations (from the Basque Country) living in other environments. We wanted to see how these influenced the populations, knowing that the genetics is the same. This under normal circumstances cannot be done, for example, if the person who immigrates is Italian, it is known that they are Italian, but from what region of Italy; with what region of Italy do you make a comparison? On the other hand, if it is a Basque who immigrates, you compare this with a concrete and very small region, thanks to their surname", explained Ms M. de Pancorbo. She adds that the usefulness of this study is not limited to knowledge: "We believe that it can contribute a lot to knowing how mixtures of populations are going to be influenced, the different lifestyles but, above all, from the viewpoint of health and of illness".
Argentina, California, Nevada and Idaho
Making good use of the extensive network of Euskal Etxeak (Basque social centres abroad), the BIOMICs Group obtained samples of saliva from hundreds of persons of Basque origin in Argentina and in the United States (California, Nevada and Idaho). Once the samples are registered at the research centre in the Basque Country capital of Vitoria-Gasteiz, the DNA is extracted from the samples in order to analyse them and store them as "treasure" in the DNA bank. The analyses focus above all on the mitochondrial DNA (inheritance markers transmitted by women) and the Y chromosome (men).
In the case of the United States, the team has the first results. As Ms M. de Pancorbo explains, two groups have been found. The first, those whose Basque ancestors arrived in America and continue to procreate amongst each other: "It is a transfer to America of what we have here". And the second is the group who have crossed or mixed. In this case, a calculation of the percentage of the mixing was u
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