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Somatic cells


Dr. Paul Meltzer, of the National Human Genome Research Institute's Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, defines somatic cells.
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Somatic cells: Any cell in the body except sex cells.
Template: a single DNA strand that serves as pattern for building a new second strand.
Thymine (T): A base; one of the molecular components of DNA and RNA. Always bonds with adenine (T-A).
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Somatic cells: Any cell in the body except gametes and their precursors.
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In somatic cells, removal of the 5' most intron is prevented, so that a truncated protein, missing sequence encoded by the last exon, is produced P element pre-mRNA. The resulting truncated protein acts as a repressor of transposition.
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Most somatic cells of the body cease to express telomerase. (Germ cells, some stem cells, and cancer cells continue to express the enzyme.) ...
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The diploid somatic cells of an individual will contain one copy of the chromosome set from the sperm and one copy of the chromosome set from the egg—that is, ...
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Barr body -- the condensed single X-chromosome seen in the nuclei of somatic cells of female mammals. base pair a pair of hydrogen-bonded nitrogenous bases (one purine and one pyrimidine) that join the component strands of the DNA double helix.
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All other cells are somatic cells. globular proteins Soluble proteins with a globular (somewhat rounded) shape. Their axial to diameter ratio is less that 10:1, and usually closer to 1:1.
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Libraries of the human genome have been made in bacteria, yeast and somatic cells. These libraries have been of use for the identification of genes based upon screens for sequence, expression and complementation of function in vitro.
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This means that when somatic cells are produced from two gametes, one allele comes from the mother, one from the father. These alleles may be the same (true-breeding organisms, e.g. ww and rr in Fig. 3), or different (hybrids, e.g. wr in Fig. 3).
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Some organisms are diploid - that is, they have paired homologous chromosomes in their somatic cells, and thus contain two copies of each gene.
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Somatic cells such as fibroblasts, ovarian cells, muscle cells, and mammary epithelia are grown in cell culture and by genetically modified fusion with the enucleated egg. Commonly, DNA is transferred to the cells using viruses.
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polytene chromosomes Chromosomes in the somatic cells of some insects in which the chromatin replicates repeatedly without undergoing mitosis.
polyunsaturated fat A fat having several to many double bonds between carbon atoms.
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the experimental formation of a single hybrid cell with nuclei and cytoplasm from different somatic cells
Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row
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A protein derived from the Sendai virus which can be used in the laboratory to cause cell fusion between somatic cells (any cell that is not a gamete). It is also used to make fusogenic vesicles
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
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: If a mutation selectively affects the cells destined to become gonadal cells during early embryogenesis, the affected individual will be phenotypically normal, the somatic cells will be free of the mutation but all or some gonadal/germ cells will ...
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Telomerase is usually found in cells involved in the production of gametes. It is not normally found in somatic cells.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
Some cells stop dividing in G1; others stop in G2.
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[Gr. meiosis - reduction]. Two consecutive nuclear divisions whereby the resultant daughter nuclei contain half the chromosome complement of other somatic cells; occurs at time of gametogenesis. Synonym: reduction division.
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