RNA

RNA with its nitrogenous bases to the left and DNA to the right.
RNA is primarily made up of four different bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
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RNA splicing
a process or removing introns from nuclear RNA, thus converting it into a functional mRNA
Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row ...
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RNA editing occurs by two distinct mechanisms:
Substitution Editing: chemical alteration of individual nucleotides (the equivalent of point mutations).
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Some tRNAs are synthesized in long precursors containing several tRNAs and are released by endonucleotlytic processing.
Facts ...
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Transfer RNA. Small RNA molecules that carry amino acids to the ribosome for polymerization into a polypeptide.
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Search for RNA in these other databases too
Definition of RNA :
A single-stranded nucleic acid similar to DNA but having ribose sugar rather than deoxyribose sugar and uracil rather than thymine as one of the pyrimidine bases.
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RNA plays several roles in biology:
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is transcribed directly (splicing in eukaryotes) from a gene's DNA (in eukaryotes exported into the cytoplasm) and is used to encode proteins.
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microRNA (miRNA)
An abundant class of molecules consisting of a non-coding sequence of approximately 22 nucleotides. miRNA controls gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.
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A chemical similar to a single strand of DNA. In RNA, the letter U, which stands for uracil, is substituted for T in the genetic code. RNA delivers DNA's genetic message to the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made.
explained: ...
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RNA is single-stranded as shown below.
Codons
One strand of DNA (the anti-sense strand) is used as a template to produce a single strand of mRNA.
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RNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction from a DNA strand which runs in the antiparallel direction (3' to 5').
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RNA splicing
A process by which introns are removed from primary See RNA transcripts leaving only exons that encode the amino acid sequence of a protein.
Related Terms: Intron ...
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RNA codons.
The genetic code is a set of rules, which maps DNA sequences to proteins in the living cell, and is employed in the process of protein synthesis.
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RNA polymerase: the enzyme that moves along the DNA strand, reads the nucleotides one by one, and synthesizes a complementary mRNA molecule according to the principle of complementary base pairing.
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RNA -- "ribonucleic acid". The nucleic acid which carries the DNA message into parts of the cell where it is interpreted and used. The 18S ribosomal RNA sequence has been used in many groups of organisms to reconstruct phylogeny.
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RNA polymerase opens the part of the DNA to be transcribed. Only one strand of DNA (the template strand) is transcribed.
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RNA splicing - RNA-processing step in which all of the intron sequences are removed and exon sequences are kept therebv producing a much shorter RNA molecule.
second law of thermodynamics - the degree of disorder in the universe can only increase ...
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RNA: See Ribonucleic acid.
Sequence: See Base sequence.
Sequencer: An apparatus used for deciphering the order of bases in a stra nd of DNA.
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RNA processing
Modification of RNA before it leaves the nucleus, a process unique to eukaryotes.
RNA splicing ...
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RNA phage
A phage that carries RNA as its genetic material. Some examples include phage MS2 and Q.
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RNA
EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database Europe's primary DNA and RNA sequence resource.
Promega supplier of biological reagents and reagent systems used in research and applied technology applications
Ribosomal Database Project ...
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RNA world. Hypothetical stage in the evolution of life on earth in which both catalysis and replication were performed by RNA, not protein enzymes and DNA.
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RNA polymerase - protein that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template.
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senescence - aging.
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RNA (ribonucleic acid). An organic acid composed of re- peating nucleotide units of adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil, whose ribose components are linked by phosphodiester bonds.
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RNA Splicing: A complex and incompletly understood series of reactions occuring in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells in which pre-mRNA transcribed from chromosomal DNA is processed such that noncoding regions of the pre-mRNA (introns) are excised, ...
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dsRNA
is the major activator of the
PKR
enzyme which is the major agent of anti-viral innate immunity.
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DNA-RNA-Protein Synthesis (hands-on learning module)
Online Introductory Activity-What is needed for Life? Which molecules support life? What were the first molecules to form life?
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA ...
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Is rRNA easy to handle in lab?
Ribosomal RNA is universal. It occurs in every living organism. In a typical bacterial cell there are on the order of ten or more thousands of copies of the ribosome.
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A matrix composed of a highly purified form of agar that is used to separate larger DNA and RNA molecules ranging 20,000 nucleotides. (See Electrophoresis.) Alleles.
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polyribosome (polysome) A complex of an mRNA molecule and many ribosomes. polysaccharide A linear or branched polymer of monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds. polysome (polyribosome) A complex of an mRNA molecule and many ribosomes.
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Therefore each strand of DNA or RNA has a free 3' C at one end and a free 5' C at the other. The free 3' C normally carries a - OH group, and the 5' C a phosphate group.
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23-39 4 Mechanistic studies of the mRNA transcription cycle Patrick Cramer..........41-47 5 Modulation of RNA polymerase core functions by basal transcription factor TFB/TFIIB Finn Werner, Simone Wiesler, Sven Nottebaum and Robert O.J. Weinzierl......
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The common ancestor of all life probably used RNA as its genetic material. This ancestor gave rise to three major lineages of life.
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Polynucleotides are either RNA or DNA.
They guide the formation of exact copies of their own sequence through complementary pairing of nucleotides subunits (U with A and G with C).
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Trees constructed with other genes are generally similar, although they may place some early-branching groups very differently, presumably owing to rapid rRNA evolution. The exact relationships of the three domains are still being debated.
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Nucleotide: A subunit of DNA or RNA composed of a nitrogenous base, a phosphate molecule, and a pentose sugar molecule.
Pentose sugar: A sugar molecule containing five carbon atoms. E.g.: deoxyribose.
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Ribosomal DNA genes
The genes that make the three RNA components of the ribosome - the particle (also containing 60 or more proteins) that is responsible for making proteins within the cell.
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neoblast
Are undifferentiated cells arising from the parenchyma, which are rich in RNA. Thse cells form the blastema, which preceeds regeneration of planarians.
Covered in Lab 11 Animal Diversity I ...
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