Liposomes

liposomes - synthetic bilayer in the form of a spherical vesicle
membrane potential - voltage difference across a membrane due to a slight excess of positive ions on one side and of negative ions on the other ...
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Liposomes. Membrane-bound vesicles constructed in the laboratory to transport biological molecules. Locus (plural = loci). A specific location or site on a chromosome. Log phase. See Logarithmic phase.
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The lipid binding properties of apolipoprotein (apo) AIMilano, a molecular variant of human apolipoprotein AI, characterized by the Arg173----Cys substitution, was investigated by the use of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes.
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This allows it spontaneously to form liposomes, or small lipid vesicles, which can then be used to transport materials into living organisms and study diffusion rates into or out of a cell membrane.
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University of California, Los Angeles, research team gets genes into the brain using liposomes coated in a polymer call polyethylene glycol (PEG).
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Synthetic carriers like liposomes can also be used to carry genes. Liposomes are microscopic lipid vesicles that are readily taken up by cells. If they are coated with DNA, the DNA is also taken up.
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For example, virosomes: which combines liposomes with an inactivated HIV virus or influenza virus. This has been shown to have more efficient gene transfer in respiratory epithelial cells than either viral or liposomal methods alone.
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Thirdly, opening of the purified PT pore complex reconstituted into liposomes is inhibited by recombinant Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL, two apoptosis-inhibitory proteins that also prevent PT pore opening in cells and isolated mitochondria.
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