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IS element


IS element
An insertion sequence. A transposable element that only carries the genes required for its own replication. IS elements are usually less than 5 Kb. Also called an IS sequence.
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Insertion sequence (IS element)
Group of transposable elements that were detected by Saedler, Starling and Shapiro. They constist of 800 to 2000 base pairs and carry inverted repeats at their ends.
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This element was not isolated for many years after this due to its extreme reactivity - it is separated from its compounds only with difficulty and then it immediately attacks the remaining materials of the compound.
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Other organisms, like animals, have special ways to avoid cellular damage due to this element (and in fact require it to live.) Initially, when oxygen began building up in the environment, it was neutralized by materials already present.
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The insertions can be classified by their sequences into a limited number of IS element families. The lengths of the terminal repeats vary from nine to 41 bp among families. Repeats are not always perfect repeats.
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We estimate the frequency of this insertion in finished clones to be approximately 1 in 1000 but the actual frequency could be much higher if this element has been removed from some finished sequences prior to submission.
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