Cell

Cell reproduction is more complex in eukaryotes than in other organisms. Non-eukaryotic cells such as bacterial cells reproduce by binary fission, a process that includes DNA replication, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis.
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cell fusion
the experimental formation of a single hybrid cell with nuclei and cytoplasm from different somatic cells
Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row ...
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A method to study cell lineage or function by selectively destroying a small number of cells. For example, a laser beam can be used to focus on and kill one cell in C. elegans.
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Cell-Mediated Immunity
Index to this page
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH)
Contact Sensitivity
Killing intracellular parasites
Anti-Viral Immunity
Graft Rejection
Graft-versus-host disease ...
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Regulation of the cell cycle is accomplished in several ways. Some cells divide rapidly (beans, for example take 19 hours for the complete cycle; red blood cells must divide at a rate of 2.5 million per second).
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Definition: A thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell's cytoplasm.

From Regina Bailey,
Your Guide to Biology.
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Cell biology (also called cellular biology or cytology) is an academic discipline which studies the physiological properties of cells, as well as their behaviours, interactions, and environment; this is done both on a microscopic and molecular level.
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Cell Cycle
Normal cells grow and divide in an orderly fashion, in accordance with the cell cycle.
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cell cycle -- Complete sequence of steps which must be performed by a cell in order to replicate itself, as seen from mitotic event to mitotic event. Most of the cycle consists of a growth period in which the cell takes on mass and replicates its DNA.
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Cell Biology Home
The following is a list of Biology terminology
Students enrolled in the class should be already familiar with most of the terms in this glossary.
Use this as a constant reference point.
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cell
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A cell that is not destined to become a gamete; a cell whose genes will cannot be passed on to future generations.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
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Sickle Cell Timeline
1910 - Herrick provides the first formal description of sickle cell anemia when he reports that the blood smear of a dental student at the Chicago College of Dental Surgery contains "pear-shaped and elongated forms." ...
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Sertoli cell
[Enrico Sertoli, Italian histologist 1842 - 1910]. A type of cell found within seminiferous tubules of the testes, a nutritive cell to which spermatids attach for the duration of spermatogenesis until the mature spermatozoa is formed.
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External cell movement:
Both flagella and cilia have a 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules. This arrangement refers to the 9 fused pairs of microtubules on the outside of a cylinder, and the 2 unfused microtubules in the center.
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*Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7090, 236 Taylor Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7090 U.S.A.
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3) It may not be cell biology
Just because the word "biology" is in the title doesn't mean the Dictionary covers ALL biology.
Other places to look ...
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The fluorescence from endogenous cell constituents such as NADH, riboflavin and flavin coenzymes, which can contribute to background levels during cell imaging.
CAGED COMPOUNDS ...
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The cell cycle alternates between interphase and mitosis as diagrammed below.
Mitosis has these four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Prophase ...
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Cell or organism with membrane-bound, structurally discrete nucleus and other well-developed subcellular compartments. Eukaryotes include all organisms except viruses, bacteria, and blue-green algae. Compare prokaryote. See chromosomes.
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Cell Process (Mitosis)
Interphase
resting-non dividing
regular cell activities preparing to divide
organelles double in number ...
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Cell-free translation system
A cell extract containing all the components required for protem synthesis (i.e. ribosomal subunits, tRNAs, amino acids, enzymes and cofactors) and able to translate added mRNA molecules.
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Cell division does not happen until damage is repaired.
Transcription signals a strand-preferential repair.
Recombination and DNA repair can be induced by DNA damage.
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cell-mediated immunity
The type of immunity that functions in defense against fungi, protists, bacteria, and viruses inside host cells and against tissue transplants, with highly specialized cells that circulate in the blood and lymphoid tissue.
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Cell biology studies the physiological properties of cells, as well as their behaviors, interactions, and environment; this is done both on a microscopic and molecular level.
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cell wall: a strong membrane outside the plasma membrane present in certain cells, such as bacteria and plants.
centriole: a cylinder-like organelle that assists in chromosomal migration during mitosis.
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cell Minute biological compartments within which the processes of life are carried out.
cell body Portion of a nerve cell that includes a cytoplasmic mass and a nucleolus, and from which the nerve fibers extend.
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cell membrane
the outer boundary of cells, the structure of which is visible only under the electron microscope.
cellulose
A type of unbranched polysaccharide carbohydrate that is composed of glucose sugars.
Covered in: ...
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In cell biology, the Golgi apparatus, Golgi body, Golgi complex, or dictyosome is an organelle found in nearly all eukaryotic cells. The name comes from Italian anatomist Camillo Golgi, who identified it in 1898.
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: A cell containing more than one genetically different nucleus. Naturally occurs in fungi as long as their fungal (
heterokaryon
) incompatibility types are identical (see also
dikaryotic ...
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Germ cell (germ line) gene therapy. The repair or re- placement of a defective gene within the gamete-forming tissues, which produces a heritable change in an organism's genetic constitution.
GMO. Genetically modified organism.
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Sickle cell resistance to malaria
The sickle cell allele causes the normally round blood cell to have a sickle shape. The effect of this allele depends on whether a person has one or two copies of the allele.
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Programmed cell death, the body's normal method of disposing of damaged, unwanted, or unneeded cells.
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Eukaryote: Cell or organism with membrane- bound, structurally discrete nucleus and other well- developed subcellular compartments. Eukaryotes include all organisms except viruses, bacteria, and blue- green algae. Compare prokaryote. See chromosomes.
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eukaryotic - cell has nucleus; divides through mitosis
The cytoplasmic membrane of prokaryotes is fundamentally similar to that of a eukaryotic cell.
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blastoderm - cell layer formed during cleavage of telolecithal and centrolecithal eggs.
blastomere - any cell formed during cleavage.
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Osteocyte a bone cell
(osteo = bone; cyto = cell)
Ovary "female" plant structure in which female gametophytes are produced and seeds develop or female animal structure in which eggs form
(ova = egg) ...
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An antibiotic derived from penicillin that prevents bacterial growth by interfering with cell wall synthesis. Amplify.
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peptidoglycan A major component of bacterial cell walls consisting of parallel heteropolysaccharides cross-linked by short peptides.
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Anaphase - phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes begin to pull to opposite poles of the cell
Abiogenesis - spontaneous generation, nonliving matter yielding life ...
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Artificial chromosome A vector constructed from host cell chromosomal elements such as origin of replication, telomeres and centromere (in eukaryotes).
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Informatics in Glycobiology Biochemical Society Symposia vol 68: From Protein Folding to New Enzymes Biochemical Society Symposia vol 67: Neuronal Signal Transduction and Alzheimer's Disease Biochemical Society Symposia vol 66: Mitochondria and Cell ...
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Kingdom: One of the major subdivisions of life; based upon basic similarities in cell structure. Five kingdoms are recognized: Monera, Protoctista, Fungi, Animalia, and Plantae.
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EPITOPE - As related to protein antigens, B-cell epitopes consist of the amino acid residues of a protein molecule which interact directly through noncovalent bonds with the amino acid residues of a particular antibody molecule (complementarity ...
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Ablation experiment: An experiment designed to produce an animal deficient in one or a few cell types, in order to study cell lineage or cell function.
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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): The long, spiralling m olecule that rchestrates the cell's daily operations and provides the genetic blueprint for the physical characteristics of all living organisms.
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Diatom. Dominant planktonic algal form with siliceous test, occurring as a single cell or as a chain of cells
Diffusion. The net movement of units of a substance from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration of that substance ...
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ascospores. A spore produced within the saclike cell of the sexual state of a fungus.
auricle. A small earlike projection from the base of a leaf or petal.
available water. The amount of water held in the soil that can be extracted by plants.
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Mitochondria
Small organelles in the cell where energy from electron transport between molecules is converted into energy for biological activity. Mitochondria also possess their own genome, which is inherited maternally.
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Phage: A virus which infects a bacterial cell. Also called a Bacteriophage.
Purine: A nitrogen- containing, double ring compound that occurs in nucleic acids. In DNA molecules, the purines are adenine and guanine.
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See also A Dictionary of Cell Biology This page has been accessed 289033 times since 8th October 1997. ¤ Top of page
¤ Back to BTO home page ...
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Virus: Any of various submicroscopic pathogens which can only replicate inside a living cell.
Taken from:
Hoffmann, M.P. and Frodsham, A.C. (1993) Natural Enemies of Vegetable Insect Pests. Cooperative Extension, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. 63 pp.
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1959. Follicular predominantly small cleaved cell lympho
Number of views: 29
1960. Folliculus ...
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