Bacteria

Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC)
BAC is a cloning vector propagated as a mini-chromosome in a bacteria host. Inserts of 100-300 kb can be cloned in BAC vectors.
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Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. The term "bacteria" has variously applied to all prokaryotes or to a major group of them, otherwise called the eubacteria, depending on ideas about their relationships.
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Bacteria
What are Bacteria?
Bacteria are microscopic organisms whose single cells have neither a membrane-bounded nucleus nor other membrane-bounded organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts.
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Definition of bacteria : ...
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A continuous cover of bacteria on the surface of a growth medium.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
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Bacterial conjugation is the often regarded as the bacterial equivalent of sexual reproduction or mating; however it is not actually sexual as it does not involve the fusing of gametes and the creation of a zygote, ...
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nitrifying bacteria
those capable of changing ammonia into nitrites, or nitrites into usable nitrates
Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology, 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby ...
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Bacteria lack a nuclear membrane and membrane-bound organelles. Biochemical processes that normally occur in a choloroplast or mitochondrion of eukaryotes will take place in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes.
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Large segments of DNA, 100,000 to 200,000 bases, from another species cloned into bacteria. Once the foreign DNA has been cloned into the host bacteria, many copies of it can be made.
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Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries have initially been developed to provide intermediate DNA substrates for genome mapping and sequencing.
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Bacteria - the first organisms to be genetically engineered - are used for replicating and altering genes that are subsequently introduced into plants or animals.
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Bacteria that were infected with viruses that had radioactive DNA were radioactive, indicating that DNA was the material that passed from the virus to the bacteria.
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bacteria Prokaryotic and unicellular microorganisms included in the kingdom Monera.
bacteriochlorophyll A type of chlorophyll found only in bacterial systems.
bacteriophage A virus that attacks bacterial cells.
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Bacteria of the genus Agrobacterium have developed a special mechanism that allows transfer of genes from the bacterium to higher plant chromosomes.
Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Drosophila P elements have been transferred horizontally (Ref).
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Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)
A vector used to clone DNA fragments of 100 to 300 kb insert size (average of 150 kb) in Escherichia coli cells. Based on the naturally occurring F-factor plasmid found in the bacterium Escherichia coli.
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Bacteria: Tiny one-celled organisms.
Bases: The molecular building blocks of DNA and RNA: adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, and (in RNA only) uracil. In DNA, A attaches only to T, and C attaches only to G.
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bacterial endospores - see endospores
bacteriophage - virus (phage) that infects a bacterium
chemotrophs - organisms that derive energy from inorganic reactions ...
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Bacteria
One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being the Archaea.
bacteriophage ...
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Bacteria:
Spherical or rod-shaped procaryotic cells with a linear dimension of several micrometers.
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Bacteria are easy to study. This is an advantage in evolutionary studies because we can see evolution happening in the laboratory.
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Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC): A chromosome-like structure, constructed by genetic engineering. BAC is a cloning vector capable of carrying between 100 and 300 kilobases of target sequence.
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eubacteria: modern bacteria.
eukaryotes: cells that contain a nucleus and internal cellular bodies called organelles.
evolution: changes that occur within populations and organisms that make individuals able to adapt to their external environment.
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cyanobacteria
a large and varied group of bacteria which possess chlorophyll a and which carry out photosynthesis in the presence of light and air with concomitant production of oxygen.
Covered in Lab 6 Diversity of Microorganisms ...
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Cyanobacteria
: Unicellular, photosynthetic (photo-
autotroph
) prokaryote (in the Kingdom
Monera
).
Formerly known as blue-green algae.
It contains chlorophyll
a
but not chloroplast. They reproduce by fission and never sexually.
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blackarm. Bacterial blight lesions on stems.
blank. Nut with no kernel-consists of only the collapsed pellicle (skin).
blanking. Producing no grain or seed (used to describe individual florets of the rice panicle).
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Rhizobia. Bacteria in a symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants that results in nitrogen fixation. See Nitrogen fixation.
Rhizosphere. The soils region on and around plant roots.
Ribozyme. See Catalytic RNA.
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Lysogen
A bacterial cell carrying a phage genome as a repressed prophage.
Lysogenic cycle
The pattern of phage infection that involves integration of the phage DNA into the host chromosome.
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Pathogens (bacteria, viruses and parasites)
Identify and define different pathogens.
Compare/contrast bacteria and viruses ...
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COMPETENT - Bacterial cells which are capable of accepting foreign extra-chromosomal DNA. There are a variety of processes by which cells may be made competent.
COMPLEMENTARY - See BASE PAIR.
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58: The Archaebacteria: Biochemistry and Biotechnology Edited by MJ Danson, DW Hough and GG Lunt
Order Print copy
57: Protein Structure, Prediction and Design J Kay, GG Lunt and G Osguthorpe ...
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Fecal coliform bacteria Technically, all the facultative anaerobic gram negative non-spore forming rod shaped bacteria that fermet lactose in EC medium with gas production within 24h at 44.5 degrees C.
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Aseptical without bacteria sterile under sterile conditions
(a- = not without; sepsis = rotten putrid)
Aster microtubules originating around centrioles in dividing animal cells from which the mitotic spindle eventually forms
(aster = star) ...
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An antibiotic derived from penicillin that prevents bacterial growth by interfering with cell wall synthesis. Amplify.
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plasmid double-stranded, circular, bacterial DNA into which a fragment of DNA from another organism can be inserted. Pleiotropy -- the phenomenon of variable phenotypes for a number of distinct and seemingly unrelated phenotypic effects.
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accessory pigments Visible light-absorbing pigments such as carotenoids and xanthophyll in green plants and photosynthetic bacteria that trap energy from sunlight and pass it on to "special pairs".
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Auxotrophic mutant A bacterial strain which has a mutation in at least one of the enzymes in a biochemical pathway responsible for synthesising an essential substance, for example an amino acid.
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Although the three-domain system was quickly adopted by most molecular systematists, biologists like Luria and Mayr have criticized him for over-emphasizing the uniqueness of the archaebacteria and ignoring strong genetic similarities between the ...
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All plants, algae, and cyanobacteria which photosynthesize contain chlorophyll "a". A second kind of chlorophyll is chlorophyll "b", which occurs only in "green algae" and in the plants.
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Phage: A virus which infects a bacterial cell. Also called a Bacteriophage.
Purine: A nitrogen- containing, double ring compound that occurs in nucleic acids. In DNA molecules, the purines are adenine and guanine.
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phage - virus that infects bacteria; altered phage can be used as cloning vectors. (short for bacteriophage - "bacteria eater") ...
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Spore: A reproductive structure developing in certain bacteria and fungi which is strongly resistant to environmental influences but which will become active under suitable conditions.
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How organisms are named is governed by international agreements such as the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN), the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), and the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB).
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Mitochondrial ribosomes; these more closely resemble prokaryotic ribosomes than cytoplasmic ribosomes of the cells in which they are found, though they are even smaller and have fewer proteins than bacterial ribosomes.
Author: John Edwards ...
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Moneran - simplest kingdom containing prokaryotic cells (mostly bacteria), some of which can create their own food
Nuclear membrane - membrane surrounding the nucleus that is covered with pores and controls nuclear traffic ...
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The bacteria and fungi of decay are examples, but there are also flowering plants like the white Indian pipes of eastern US Temperate Broadleaf Deciduous Forests or the giant Rafflesia of the Indo-Malyasian formation of the Tropical Braodleaf ...
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