Amino acids

Amino acids are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins. 20 different amino acids are used to synthesize proteins. The shape and other properties of each protein is dictated by the precise sequence of amino acids in it.
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amino acids
Organic acids containing an amino (NH2) group; the subunits of protein molecules. There are 20 common amino acids.
Source: Curtis, Helena. 1968. Biology. New York, NY. Worth Publishers ...
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Dr. Lawrence Brody, of the National Human Genome Research Institute's Genetic and Molecular Biology Branch, defines amino acids.
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Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
Twenty of the amino acids are used to make protein. Each has a carboxyl group (COOH) and an amino group (NH2).
Each amino acid is different and therefore has its own unique properties.
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Amino acids vary in their ability to form the various secondary structure elements.
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Amino acids bind by forming a peptide bond.
Linear polymers of amino acids are called polypeptides.
Large polypeptides are called proteins.
A restricted set of 20 amino acids constitute the universal building blocks of proteins.
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Amino acids: Small molecules that form the building blocks of proteins.
Autosome: All chro mosomes except those involved in sex determination.
Bacteria: Tiny one-celled organisms.
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AMINO ACIDS - The 20 basic building blocks of proteins, consisting of the basic formula NH2-CHR-COOH, where "R" is the side chain which defines the amino acid: ...
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amino acids - serve as the subunits for proteins and consist of both a carboxylic acid group as well as an amino acid group.
base - a molecule that accepts H+ ion (proton) ...
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Amino acids are biochemical building blocks. They form short polymer chains called peptides or polypeptides which in turn form structures called proteins.
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Amino acids. Basic structural unit of proteins
Anadromous fish. Fish that spends most of its life feeding in the open ocean but that migrates to spawn in fresh water
Anoxic. Lacking oxygen.
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amino acids: the building blocks of proteins.
amoeba: single-celled organisms with no distinct shape; members of the phylum Sarcodina.
anabolism: the process of synthesizing large molecules by joining smaller molecules together.
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Amino acids
: Building blocks of peptides. Each amino acid is encoded by DNA. See
Amino Acids
and
Biochemical Grouping of Amino Acids
.
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amino acids The subunits (monomers) from which proteins (polymers) are assembled. Each amino acid consists of an amino functional group, and a carboxyl acid group, and differs from other amino acids by the composition of an R group. PICTURE ...
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The amino acids that an animal cannot synthesize itself and must obtain from food. Eight amino acids are essential in the human adult.
estivation
(es-teh-vay-shun) ...
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Only two amino acids are specified by a single codon; one of these is the amino-acid methionine, specified by the codon AUG, which also specifies the start of transcription; the other is tryptophan, specified by the codon UGG.
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Two or more amino acids joined by a peptide bond.
Related Terms: Amino acid ...
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Alterations in amino acids that may be distant from each other in the primary sequence can lead to changes in folding.
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Since the first 22 amino acids have been removed from the hemochromatosis protein sequence for this structure, the cysteine residue associated with this mutation is cysteine 260 (because 282-22=260).
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A group of three nucleotides that specifies addition of one of the 20 amino acids during translation of an mRNA into a polypeptide. Strings of codons form genes and strings of genes form chromosomes.
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Amino acid sequence -- the linear order of the amino acids in a protein or peptide.
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peptide Two or more amino acids covalently joined by peptide bonds. peptide bond A planar, amide linkage between the a-amino group of one amino acid and the a-carboxyl group of another, with the elimination of a molecule of water.
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The messenger RNA (mRNA), the product of transcription and splicing, carries the code for the order of insertion of amino acids. This genetic code is a triplet code without punctuation.
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The F-box is a protein motif of approximately 50 amino acids that functions as a site of protein-protein interaction.
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This technique was used, for example, in the work of Steffen Schulze-Kremer, who wrote a genetic algorithm to predict the three-dimensional structure of a protein based on the sequence of amino acids that go into it (Mitchell 1996, p. 62).
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Our multi-dimensional NMR studies of a substrate-binding domain fragment (amino acids 387-552) from an Escherichia coli Hsp70, DnaK(387-552), have uncovered a pH-dependent conformational change, ...
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Adaptor molecules which translate the triplet code from the mRNA sequence into the corresponding chain of amino acids. tRNAs are short (about 74-95 bases), single-stranded RNA molecules that contain a high proportion of modified nucleosides.
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Glycosylation: The covalent addition of sugar moities to N or O atoms present in the side chains of certain amino acids of certain proteins, generally occuring within the Golgi apparatus during secretion of a protein.
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N- or C-terminal The amino acids which form polypeptides are joined by peptide bonds between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxy group of the next.
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Protease. An enzyme that cleaves peptide bonds that link amino acids in protein molecules.
Protein. A polymer of amino acids linked via peptide bonds and which may be composed of two or more polypeptide chains. (See Polypeptide.) ...
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peptide bond. A bond that binds amino acids together into a polypeptide chain, formed by removing an OH from the carboxyl group of one amino acid and an H from the amino group of another to form an amide group _CO_NH_.
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DipeptideTripeptide two or three amino acids bonded together
(di = two; tri = three; pepti = digested cooked)
Diploid having two sets of chromosomes
(diplo = double two; ploid = a set of chromosomes) ...
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A class of small RNAs used by the cell to carry amino acids to the enzyme complex (the ribosome) which builds proteins, using an mRNA as a guide.
Other Resources
PubMed Google ...
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protein -- class of biochemical compounds constructed from amino acids. Proteins may be structural, such as those that make up hair and cartilage, or they may be reactive, such as the enzymes.
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protein
A three-dimensional biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids.
Covered in Lab 4 Cellular Energetics: Fermentation and Respiration ...
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Protein - a complex molecule found in numerous cellular structures that is composed of amino acids
Protist cell - kingdom containing organisms with eukaryotic cells that are unicellular and multicellular and reproduce sexually and asexually ...
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