Substitution

base-pair substitution
a mutational event in which one base pair substitutes for another
Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row ...
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Dr. Leslie Biesecker, of the National Human Genome Research Institute's Laboratory of Genetic Disease Research, defines substitution.
illustrated:
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Substitution Editing
The human APOB gene
Some other examples of substitution editing
Insertion/Deletion Editing
Why RNA Editing?
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Substitution of a segment of DNA by another that is identical (homologous) or nearly so. Occurs naturally during meiotic recombination; also used in the laboratory for gene targeting to modify the sequence of a gene. See recombination.
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Substitution mutations from one pyrimidine to another or one purine to another (horizontals in diagram) are called transitions. Mutations from a pyrimidine to a purine, or the reverse (verticals and diagonals in diagram), are called transversions.
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substitution A type of mutation in which one base is substituted for another.
substrate feeders Animals such as earthworms or termites that eat the soil or wood through which they burrow.
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Substitution In genetics, a type of mutation due to replacement of one nucleotide in a DNA sequence by another nucleotide or replacement of one amino acid in a protein by another amino acid.
See also: mutation ...
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Base substitution mutation
A mutation resulting in the replacement of one base for a different base.
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FREEZE SUBSTITUTION
A procedure in which, at low temperature, the cellular water of, for example, cryofixed material is replaced by a series of organic solvents, including chemical fixative.
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base-pair substitution
A point mutation; the replacement of one nucleotide and its partner from the complementary DNA strand by another pair of nucleotides.
base-pairing principle ...
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Nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes. Primary amines can also be synthesized by alkylaton of ammonia.Haloalkanes react with amines to give a corresponding alkyl-substituted amine, with the release of a halogen acid.
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Nucleophilic substitution
The OH group is not a good leaving group for nucleophilic substitution reactions, so neutral alcohols do not react in such reactions.
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Conservative Substitution: A nucleotide mutation which alters the amino acid sequence of the protein, ...
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Example conservative substitution Replacement of an amino acid residue in a polypeptide by another residue with similar properties. For example, substitution of Lys by Arg.
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The lipid binding properties of apolipoprotein (apo) AIMilano, a molecular variant of human apolipoprotein AI, characterized by the Arg173----Cys substitution, was investigated by the use of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes.
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The most common types of altered activity are single base substitutions, truncation of the outer bases in the recognition sequence, and single-strand nicking (10). Early studies with EcoR I by Polisky et al.
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: In molecular phylogenetic studies, the ratio of the number of non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions to the number of synonymous nucleotide substitutions. In the case of functionally important (or otherwise constrained) genes,
ds ...
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Three kinds of point mutations can occur. A mutation that results in an amino acid substitution is called a missense mutation.
A mutation that results in a stop codon so that incomplete proteins are produced, it is called a nonsense mutation.
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This is called a synonymous mutation or silent mutation; non-synonymous substitutions do cause a change in the amino acid. About half of all SNPs in genes are non-synonymous and therefore can account for diversity between individuals or populations.
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Literal in regular expressions and in descriptions of formal grammars is a synonym of terminal symbol (which is used in the formal language "literally", rather than generates a chain of substitutions).
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point mutations A change in the structure of a gene that usually arises from the addition, deletion, or substitution of one or more nitrogenous bases.
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