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Sex cells


sex cells
gametes. In the male it is the sperm and in the female it is the egg.
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gametes: sex cells of parent organisms; usually haploid cells.
gastrin: a hormone produced by digestive glands to influence digestive processes.
gene: the functional segment of chromosomes.
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similar gametes (sex cells)
Source: Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology, 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby
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Sex cells are known collectively as gametes (gamos, Greek, meaning marriage).
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Somatic cells: Any cell in the body except sex cells.
Template: a single DNA strand that serves as pattern for building a new second strand.
Thymine (T): A base; one of the molecular components of DNA and RNA. Always bonds with adenine (T-A).
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Most diploid organisms produce haploid sex cells that can combine to form a diploid zygote, for example animals are primarily diploid but produce haploid gametes.
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Historical note: In 1921, Theophilus Painter claimed, based on his observations, that human sex cells had 24 pairs of chromosomes, giving humans 48 chromosomes total. It wasn't until 1955 that the number of pairs was clearly shown to be 23.
[edit] ...
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: Sexual reproduction in which one sex produces sex cells much larger (egg) than those of the other (sperm).
Antagonistic pleiotropy ...
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[Gr. gamos - a marriage; Gr. genesis - origin, descent]. The formation of male and female sex cells or gametes (spermatozoa and ova, respectively) from germ cells.
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Some cells of multicellular organisms must divide to produce sex cells (gametes).
Mitosis ...
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Meiosis a special cell division resulting in sex cells with half as many chromosomes
(meio = less; -sis = the act of) ...
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Most DNA is mixed up when the sperm and egg fuse, the DNA of the sperm and the egg are mixed together, and then when that individual grows up and starts to make sex cells, eggs or sperm, those cells then scramble up the DNA even further, ...
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Meiosis: The process of two consecutive cell divisions in the diploid progenitors of sex cells. Meiosis results in four rather than two daughter cells, each with a haploid set (1n) of chromosomes.
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mutation A change, either spontaneous or by external factors, in the genetic material of a cell; mutations in the gametes (sex cells) can be inherited by future generations of organisms.
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