Enzyme

Enzymes are catalysts. Most are proteins. (A few ribonucleoprotein enzymes have been discovered and, for some of these, the catalytic activity is in the RNA part rather than the protein part. Link to discussion of these ribozymes.) ...
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enzyme
a protein that contains a catalytic site for a biochemical reaction
Source: Jenkins, John B. 1990. Human Genetics, 2nd Edition. New York: Harper & Row ...
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Enzymes are essential to sustain life because most chemical reactions in biological cells would occur too slowly, or would lead to different products without enzymes.
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Restriction enzyme is a class of endonuclease that cut specific double-stranded DNA sequences.
Related
Endonuclease Restriction site ...
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An assay that uses an enzyme-bound antibody to detect antigen. The enzyme catalyzes a color reaction when exposed to substrate.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ...
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Hydrolytic enzymes break down protein, carbohydrate, and fat molecules into their simplest units. The hydrolysis of polymers by hydrolytic enzymes results in free monomers.
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Enzymes can act rapidly, as in the case of carbonic anhydrase (enzymes typically end in the -ase suffix), which causes the chemicals to react 107 times faster than without the enzyme present.
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Enzymes that recognize a specific sequence of double-stranded DNA and cut the DNA at that site. Restriction enzymes are often referred to as molecular scissors.
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Enzymes
What Are Enzymes?
Substances that speed up chemical reactions are called catalysts. Organic catalysts are called enzymes.
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However, the recent discovery of the Nox and Duox enzymes that are expressed in many non-phagocytic cells implies that the 'deliberate' generation of ROS has additional cellular roles, which are currently incompletely understood.
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ENZYME database entries include the reaction catalyzed, cofactors, links to the PROSITE database (protein sites and patterns), and detailed SWISS-PROT entries. ENZYME database links are from protein products rather than from gene entries themselves.
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Enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of nucleic acids on preexisting nucleic acid templates, assembling RNA from ribonucleotides.
Related Terms: Enzyme ...
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Enzyme that breaks down certain disaccharides into monosaccharides.
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Enzyme polymorphisms (allozymes) can be used as molecular markers on the genetic chromosome.
Facts ...
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enzyme -- complex protein which helps to speed biochemical reactions. Enzymes are important in the construction and degradation of other molecules.
epicenter -- Point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
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enzymes: proteins that catalyze the chemical reactions within cells.
eosinophils: white blood cells whose functions are uncertain.
epididymis: the tube in which sperm cells mature.
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Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst, speeding the rate at which a biochemi cal reaction proceeds but not altering the direction or nature of the reaction.
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enzymes - highly specific protein catalysts, they speed up the reactions by reducing the activation energy for a particular chemical change.
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Enzymes:
A protein molecule in a plant or animal that catalyzes specific metabolic reactions without itself being permanently altered or destroyed.
Eukaryotic cells (or eukaryotes): ...
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enzyme
[Gk. en, in + zyme, leaven]
A class of proteins serving as catalysts, chemical agents that change the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
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enzymes Molecules, usually proteins or nucleic acids, that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions.
enzyme-substrate complex The binding of a substrate molecule to the active site of an enzyme.
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Enzymes proteins that act as catalysts (cause other chemicals to react without being part of that chemical reaction)
(en = in; zym = yeast leaven) ...
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(enzyme-linked
immunoabsorbant
assay): An assay for quantifying the presence of an antigen by using an enzyme linked to an antibody to the antigen.
Embryo ...
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**Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions.
Compare/contrast four types of
macromolecules.
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Holoenzyme
A complex containing all of the subunits required for a functional enzyme. Used to describe enzymes composed of many different protein subunits.
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These enzymes which break down the nylon oligomers appear to have arisen by frameshift mutation from some other gene which codes for a functionally unrelated enzyme. This adaptation has been experimentally duplicated.
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Ligase: An enzyme, T4 DNA ligase, which can link pieces of DNA together. The pieces must have compatible ends (both of them blunt, or else mutually compatible sticky ends), and the ligation reaction requires ATP.
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inducible - enzyme not synthesized or activated until needed
nematodes - tiny worms; some are eaten by fungi
obligate - absolute requirement, e.g., obligate aerobe ...
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BIOTIN - A coenzyme which is essential for carboxylation reactions (see AVIDIN).
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catalase
An enzyme found in tissues, such as the liver, whose function is to catalyze the breakdown of toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
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polymerase - enzyme that links together like units (monomers) into a polymer. For example, RNA polymerase synthesizes a polynucleotide chain using ribonucleotide monomers.
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DPP4 is a very odd enzyme. It pokes out of your cells, so it's actually not inside the cell. Its purpose is to degrade the circulating hormones in your blood.
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(See Initiation codon, Termination codon.) Coenzyme (cofactor). An organic molecule, such as a vitamin, that binds to an enzyme and is required for its catalytic activity. Cofactor. See Coenzyme. Colony.
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Endonuclease -- an enzyme that breaks the internal phosphodiester bonds in a DNA molecule. Ethics -- the study of fundamental principles which defines values and determines moral duty and obligation.
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peptidase An enzyme that hydrolyzes a peptide bond. peptide Two or more amino acids covalently joined by peptide bonds.
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Auxotrophic mutant A bacterial strain which has a mutation in at least one of the enzymes in a biochemical pathway responsible for synthesising an essential substance, for example an amino acid.
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Enzyme - a protein utilized in chemical reactions
Eukaryotes - advanced cell type with a nuclear membrane surrounding genetic material and numerous membrane-bound organelles dispersed in a complex cellular structure ...
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They are dependent for their pigment on a set of enzymes within the cell (especially tyrosinase) which synthesise the large polymers generically known as melanin.
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Symposia vol 70: Proteases and the Regulation of Biological Processes Biochemical Society Symposia vol 69: Glycogenomics: The Impact of Genomics and Informatics in Glycobiology Biochemical Society Symposia vol 68: From Protein Folding to New Enzymes ...
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Gene: the segment of DNA at a particular locus on a particular chromosome that controls production of proteins and enzymes and influences the development of a specific trait.
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A variant of an enzyme type. These may be variants of a specific enzyme (e.g., cytochrome c) that are the products of a single genetic locus.
Amensal. Negatively affecting one or several species
Amino acids. Basic structural unit of proteins ...
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Restriction enzymes cut DNA wherever their "recognition site" (usually between 4 and 8 bases in length) occurs in the DNA sequence. When there are changes between sequences, a recognition site may appear or be lost.
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The inner fluid phase has most of the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and some of the urea cycle. The inner membrane contains the components of the electron transport chain.
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