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CpG island


"p" indicates that "C" and "G" are connected by a phosphodiester bond.
CpG islands are often located around the promoters of housekeeping genes (which are essential for general cell functions) or other genes frequently expressed in a cell.
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CpG island
Short region of DNA in which the frequency of the CG sequence is higher than in other regions. "p" indicates that "C" and "G" are connected by a phosphodiester bond.
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CpG islands are short (1-kb) regions of genomic DNA with a high GC content and reduced methylation of C residues. About 60% of genes have these islands at their 5' ends, making CpG islands useful markers for transcriptional units.
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increased methylation of the cytosines in CpG islands of the DNA [Link];
decreased acetylation of histones and ...
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DNA is typically methylated by methyltransferase enzymes on cytosine nucleotides in a CpG dinucleotide sequence (also called "CpG islands").
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On the other hand, many genes with restricted expression patterns have (methylated) CpG islands located downstream of transcription initiation does not block elongation of the transcript (see also
Methylation paradox
).
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